Bio Test Ch 5

Front 1

substances crossing the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell

Back 1

passive transport

Front 2

movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Back 2

diffusion

Front 3

difference in the concentration of molecules across a distance

Back 3

concentration gradient

Front 4

concentration of molecules will be the same throughout the space the molecules occupy

Back 4

equilibrium

Front 5

process where water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to area of lower concentration

Back 5

osmosis

Front 6

when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell are lower than the concentration in the cytosol, it is __________ to the cytosol

Back 6

hypotonic

Front 7

when the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution is ________ to the cytosol

Back 7

hypertonic

Front 8

when the concentration of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal, the outside solution is said to be ________ to the cytosol

Back 8

isotonic

Front 9

organelles that remove water

Back 9

contractile vacuoles

Front 10

pressure water molecules exert against the cell wall

Back 10

turgor pressure

Front 11

when cells shrink away from cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost ______ happens

Back 11

plasmolysis

Front 12

bursting of cells

Back 12

cytolysis

Front 13

type of passive transport used when molecules cannot readily diffuse through cell membranes

Back 13

facilitated diffusion

Front 14

proteins in the cell membrane that assist diffusion

Back 14

carrier proteins

Front 15

when ions are transported from higher to lower concentration

Back 15

ion channels

Front 16

movement of materials from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

Back 16

active transport

Front 17

active transport system that moves sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell

Back 17

sodium potassium pump

Front 18

process whereby cells engulf large substances

Back 18

endocytosis

Front 19

transport of solutes or fluids

Back 19

pinocytosis

Front 20

movement of large particles or whole cells

Back 20

phagocytosis

Front 21

passage of large molecules out of the cell

Back 21

exocytosis