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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
5 Kingdoms
1) Monera: ex: bacteria - unicellular
2) Protista: ex: ameba - multicellular
3) Fungi: ex: mushrooms - multicellular
4) Plantae: ex: lettuce - multicellular
5) Animalia: ex: tiger - multicellular
7 Parts of a Prokaryotic Cell & Functions
1) Cell wall: protects
2) Cell membrane: controls what goes in & out
3) Flagella: locomotion
4) Ribosomes: make protein
5) Nucleoid: contains DNA
6) Pili: exchanges DNA
7) Cytoplasm: gives cell shape/structure & supports cell parts
Diffusion
Movement of molecules from an area of high to low concentration
Equilibrium
Concentration of molecules is the same throughout a space
Osmosis
Hypertonic Solution
Hypotonic Solution
Isotonic Solution
Diffusion of water from an area of high to low concentration
1) Hypertonic Solution: H2O goes out of cell
2) Hypotonic Solution: H2O goes in cell
3) Isotonic Solution: H2O goes in & out of cell, equilibrium
Cells deal with osmosis by: (2 ways)
1) In a hypotonic solution where water is constantly diffusing into these organisms, organisms must get rid of excess water by using CONTRACTILE VACUOLES which collects excess water & pumps out it outside of the cell.
2) Plant cells that are in a hypotonic solution swell with water & the swelling stops once the membrane is pressed against the cell wall: TURGOR PRESSURE
Plasmolysis
The shrinking of a cell membrane due to osmosis (H2O leaves) because cell is in a hypertonic solution or the cell dehydrates
Passive VS Active Transport (2 differences)
1) Active Transport uses ATP while Passive doesn't
2) In Active Transport molecules move from a low to high concentration, while in Passive molecules move from high to low
Passive Transport + 4 types
movement of molecules across a cell membrane from an area of high to low concentration
1) Simple Diffusion
2) Osmosis
3) Facilitated Diffusion
4) Ion Channels
Active Transports 4 Types:
Ion Pump
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Co-Transport
1) Ion Pump: Allows 2 types of molecules to pass through
Ex: Sodium & Potassium Pump. Sodium & Potassium each have their own ion channels but together they go through the same ion pump.
2) Endocytosis: Cell absorbs materials via cell membrane
-Phagocytosis: food bacteria
-Pinocytosis: liquid
3) Exocytosis: Cell gets rid of substances in vesicle to the outside of the cell
-waste
4) Co-Transport: substances move in & out of a cell through protein with another substance