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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kinetic energy:
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Used Energy |
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Potential energy:
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You know |
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Chemical Energy |
energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds(atoms and molecules). |
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Heat energy |
Energy turned into heat |
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Gibbs Free Energy |
Has to stay negative G < 0 |
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Exergonic |
Creates extra energy |
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Endergonic |
Needs energy |
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ADP + Phosphate = |
ATP |
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Photosynthesis Formula |
12H20 + 6CO2 ----Light Energy ---6O2+ C6H12O6 + 6H20 (Glucose)
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From what 2 sources do cells obtain theirenergy?
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Cells that get energy from Suns are called Autotrophsand cells that get energy from Food molecules are called Heterotrophs___
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How do cellular nutrients cross the cellmembrane?
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The cell membrane is Lipid-Soluable, meaning small lipids like Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen can go. Water-Soluable things need the help of extra proteins. Glyco-protein. Pore-Protein. Channel Protein. Cell membrane. Big things are kept out. Smallthings can come in. Semi-permeable. They are being selective. |
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Cells harness this energy in a far more efficient mannerthan direct burning. Whatisthis process called? Can you name 2 specific ways that it is different and moredesirable?
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Oxidative Phospherous. Means that the glucose molecule or sugar molecule is being broken apart and used. There is a phosphate group that is being put on ADP. Becomes ATP. It stores energy. Enzymes lower the activation energy, so it requires less energy.Eventually this energy will make its way into ATP
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5. . Whatdoes ATP stand for andwhatis it?
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Adenosine Tri-Phosphate and is energy richmolecule. You can break it off and it releases energy you can use. To charge that batteryyou can put the phosphate back on. To do that you need energy and we get itfrom food.
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6. Name the 3 main energy processes used ineukaryotes:
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1. Glycoses 2. Citric Acid Cycle3.Electron transport chain
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7. How do cells keep energy in reserve?
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They make larger, energy-rich molecules to storetheir excess energy.Polycyrus. Fat stores.
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Is Photosynthesis endergonic or exergonic? |
Endergonic |
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Diffusion |
Means that molecules that move from places ofhigh concentration to low concentration.
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Osmosis |
The same concept but talking about thingsmoving in water. Diffusion of water. The way water moves towards and awaycertain things. Overtime with water, the water molecules equalout and stay. This applies to cells too with the plasma membrane.
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Hypteronic |
Too little water. Makes the cells skinny. |
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Hypotonic |
Too much water. Makes the cells burst. |
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Isotnic |
Just the right amount of water for the red cells. |
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1. Distinguish between proteins and enzymes.
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Most Enzymes are proteins Most proteins are not enzymes. Enzymes are a kind of protein.
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2. Why is the shape of an enzyme so important for proper enzyme function? Youranswer should include the terms substrate and active site.
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Because each enzyme is very selective in thereaction it catalyzes. This specificity is basses on the ability of the enzymeto recognize the shape of a certain molecule, which is termed the enzyme’ssubstrate. The ability for the enzyme to recognize nd bind to its specificsubstrate depends on the enzymes shape. The active site has a shape andchemistry that fits it to the substrate molecule. Each enzyme has a particular shape that iscritical for its function.
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What effect would you expect denaturation to have on theability of an enzymefunction?
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? If an enzyme’s shape were to be changed, it wouldnot be able to function because it would not be able to recognize other shapes.
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b. Describe two environmental factors that mightcause denaturation of an enzyme.
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Temperature, PH or some other auuality ofaqueous environment can cause denaturation.
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Glucose is a molecule that contains energy neededby living things in order to do work. Where in theglucose molecule is this energy stored?
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In the C-C bonds
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What type of energy is stored in a glucosemolecule?
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Chemical energy
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When ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP, energy is______ .When ADP is phosphorylated to ATP, energy is ______ .
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Released; required
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The reaction depicted below:
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Is endergonic
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of an enzyme?
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They increase the activation energy required to start a chemicalreaction
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The reaction above is strongly exergonic, so thechange in Gibbs free energy (G) should therefore be:
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ΔG<0
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GO TO POWERPOINT FOR THE REST. |
AND LEARN |
