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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is "climate"?
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year-to-year conditions
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What is "weather"?
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Day-to-day conditions
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Weather involves the exchange of _______ and _______
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Energy, moisture
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These exchanges occur in...
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Atmosphere, hydrosphere, and solid earth
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Who is Joseph Fourier?
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1824, first reported about green house gasses
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Svante Arrhenius
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1896, first tested these ideas
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What is a "habitat"?
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A place or set of Environmental conditions where a particular organism lives
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What are "generalists"?
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Broad niche
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What are "specialists"?
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Narrow niche
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Who wins when they both collide?
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Generalists
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What is the "law of competition exclusion"?
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-No 2 species will occupy the same niche and compete for exactly the same resources for an extended period of time
-One will migrate, become extinct, or partition the resource and utilize a sub-set of the same resource -Given resource can only be partitioned a finite number of times |
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What is "partitioning"?
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Separating of territories
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What are the three types of species interactions?
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Competition, predation, sybiosis
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What are "inter specific" and "intra specific"?
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Inter specific is competition between members of different species, intra specific is competition between members of the same species
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What are three types of symbiosis?
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Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism
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What chemical traps heat and maintains the earth's atmosphere?
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Carbon dioxide
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What is this process called?
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Greenhouse effect
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_________ also affects climate
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Latitude
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What are Earth's three main climate zones and where are each located?
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Polar zones are located in cold areas where sun's rays can't strike directly, temperate sit between the polar zones and the tropics, and tropical zones are located near the equator
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What causes winds and ocean currents?
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Unequal heating of the Earth's surface
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Together, biotic and abiotic factors...
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Determine the survival and growth of an organism and the productivity of the ecosystem where it lives
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When does competition occur?
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When organisms compete for the same resources
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When does predation occur?
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When the predator captures and eats the pray
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When does symbiosis occur?
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When two species live together in three ways
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Ecosystems are constantly changing in response to _________ and _________ ____________s
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Natural and human disturbances
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What are the two kinds of ecological succession and when do they occur?
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Primary succession occurs where no soil exists. Secondary succession occurs when a disturbance changes a community, but the soil is still there.
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What are "pioneer species"?
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The first species to live in an area that is going through primary succession
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What is a "microclimate"?
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A small area where the climate differs from the surronding areas
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What are the eight major biomes we talked about?
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Tundra, Desert, Tropical Rainforest, Tropical Savanna, Shrubland, Boreal Forest, and Grassland.
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How are different biomes different?
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They each have their own set of abiotic factors and a typical collection of species
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How are aquatic biome ecosystems grouped?
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By the depth, flow, temperature, and chemistry of their water
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What are "plankton"?
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Tiny free-floating organisms
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What are two types of plankton?
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Phytoplankton and Zooplankton
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What are the three types of freshwater ecosystems?
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Flowing-water ecosystems which are rivers and streams, Standing-water ecosystems which are lakes and ponds, and freshwater wetlands which are bogs, marshes, and swamps
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What are "estuaries"?
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Wetlands formed where rivers meet the sea
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What are "detritus"?
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Tiny pieces of organic matter
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What are two types of estuaries?
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Salt marches (temperate), and Mangrove swamps (tropical).
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What are "marine ecosystems"?
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Ecosystems that exist in the ocean
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What are two types of marine ecosystems and where are they located?
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The photic zone is the upper area where Photosynthesis can take place. The aphotic zone is the lower part where only Chemosynthesis takes place
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The ocean is also divided into three zones depending on the...
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depth and distance from the shore
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What are the three zones?
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Intertidal zone, the coastal ocean, and the open sea
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What is "permafrost"?
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Layer of permanently frozen subsoil in the Tundra
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