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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All cells undergo the process of cell division producing TWO-
cells from ONE- |
Daughter
Parent |
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Name the 4 purposes for cell division
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a. Repair of the body due to injury
b. Growth of the body c. Development of embryo one cell produces a fetus d. Asexual reproduction- Remember asexual reproduction produces copies |
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Somatic-
EX: |
The term given to body cells (skin, brain, and bone cells)
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Cell Cycle
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The life of the cell all the cells are in a partial part
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Cancer-
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abnormal growth. The DNA is damaged, cell division occurs with no control.
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Chromatin (Stringy DNA) is located in the-
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Nucleus
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When the cell prepares to divide, the chromatin-
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Coinls up
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Chromatin coils around proteins called
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Histones
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The coiled DNA + histones is called a
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Chromosome
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Chromosomes exit in-
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Pairs
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The term homologous represents-
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Those pairs 23 pairs 1 Chromosome from mom & 1 from dad
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Diploid-
Ex: |
A cell that contains all of its chromosome pairs.
Ex: Your body cells |
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Haploid-
Ex: |
A cell that contains only 1 chromosome of each pair.
Ex: Sex Cells |
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Polyploidy-
Ex: |
Some cells can have 3 or more sets of chromosomes.
Ex: Plants |
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Name the Cell Cycle's three major steps
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1. Interphase-preparation stage
2. Mitosis-nuclear division 3. Cytokinesis-cytoplasmic division |
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Interphase-
a.G1 phase b.S phase c.G2 phase |
a. the first gap. During this stage it's growth and normal activity
b.DNA copied, 46 copies=92 copies c. Growth, organelles are copied |
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Mitosis-
Name the four stages of mitosis |
Division of the nucleus
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase |
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Prophase- Nuclear membrane and nucleolus-
chromosomes- spindle- |
-disappear
-form 1 condense -centrioles have reached the poles of the cell |
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Metaphase-
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Chromosomes line up at the equater/central plane
Spindle is fully developed |
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Anaphase-
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Chromosomes and copies(sister chromatids) move toward the poles(centrioles)
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Telophase-
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Two nuclei- form
Spindle- breaks down |
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Cytokinesis-
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division of the cell cytoplasm
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Animal cell cytokinesis- Daughter cells form as a ring of microfilaments forms a
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cleavage furrow
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Plant cell cytokinesis- Daughter cells form as a
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Cell plate
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Meiosis- a special type of cell division that produces-
it cuts the number of chromosomes- creates- occurs in only TWO places- |
-sex cells or germ cells
-in half -haploid cells -ovaries and testes |
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Mitosis & Meiosis
Purpose #of cell divisions #of cells produced Types of cells # of chromosomes (human) Genetically Identical/Different cells |
Mitosis Meiosis
Produces more body cells Sreproductions 1 2 2 4 Somatic Sex Cells 46 Diploid 23 Haploid Identical Different |
