Bio Test 2 Thermoregulation

Front 1

Q10

Back 1

measures rate of 10 degrees C

Front 2

Heat exchange with environment

Back 2

through evaporation
radiation
conduction
convection

Front 3

Endotherm

Back 3

capable of generating heat internally, through metabolic processes

costs benifits i. Much higher metabolic demand – need more food
ii. Constant temperature means constant performance, can outperform ectotherms most of the time (metabolic processes can be optimized for a particular temperature, rather than to a range).

Front 4

Ectotherm

Back 4

dependent on environmental sources of heat (unable to control body temperature

Front 5

Homeotherm

Back 5

having a relatively constant body temperature

Front 6

Poikilotherm (heterotherm)

Back 6

having a body temperature that fluctuates

Front 7

vasoconstriciton, vs. vasodialation

Back 7

Hypothalmus gets info from temp sensative nurons constricts blood when cold dialates when warm in endo and ectotherms

Front 8

Insulation

Back 8

endotherms only:

layer of poorly heat conducting material

i. Hair, feathers trap air keep warm

blubber used in aquatic not1. Often used in aquatic environments where trapped air is not as valuable
2. Not as efficient as hair, but vascularization allows better control of insulating properties.

Front 9

Counter Current exchange

Back 9

Arteries pump warm blood away veins returning blood are next to arteries arteries radiate heat giving it to the reterning veins in endotherms

Front 10

Reginal endothermy

Back 10

i. All endotherms are regional to some extent
ii. Smaller animals have a harder time
iii. Tunas and other large, active fishes can protect a core area from the effects of heat loss across the gills
iv. Flying insects

Front 11

Evaporation loss

Back 11

i. Panting
ii. Sweating
iii. Other sources of water that can be evaporated

Front 12

Behavior

Back 12

i. Location (sun, shade, water)
ii. Social interactions (bees, penguins)

Front 13

Metabolic temp

Back 13

Shivering - futile cycle” contracting muscles but no work is being done energy is converted into heat

Brown adipose tissue - still have futile cycle but it is biochemical, atp consumed and drives a proton pump in mitochondrian happens in brown adipose tissue

Front 14

Uncoupling protiens

Back 14

Pumps protons out in mitochondry has special channels called uncoupling proteins (UCP) and protons go back in through these channels.

Front 15

Brown adipose tissue -

Back 15

still have futile cycle but it is biochemical, atp consumed and drives a proton pump in mitochondrian happens in brown adipose tissue