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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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first step of glucose breakdown
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oxidation of electrons and hydrogens provide 2 ATP.
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second step of glucose breakdown
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prep reaction: pyruvate is oxidized and carbon dioxide is removed. occurs twice per glucose
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third phase of glucose breakdown
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citric acid cycle: 2 acetyl groups combines with 4c molecule to form citric acid. produces 3NADH and 1FADH.
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fourth step to glucose breakdown
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electric transport chain: series of carriers that pass electrons from carrier to carrier.
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where does glycolysis take place
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the cytosol.
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is glycolysis anaerobic or aerobic?
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anaerobic.
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where does prep reaction take place?
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in the matrix
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where does the citric acid cycle take place?
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in the matrix. cycle occurs twice per glucose.
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what was citric acid cycle originally called?
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Krebs cycle
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what is made in citric acid cycle
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citrate molecule
ATP is made |
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where does electron transport chain occur
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in the cristae of the cell.
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electron transport chain
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series of carriers that pass electrons from carrier to carrier
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yield of ATP from cellular respiration
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36 to 38 ATP per one glucose
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fermentation
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animal cells convert pyruvate to lactate.
plant cells convert pyruvate to ethenol. rebuilds NAD+ which keep glycolysis going. |
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when does fermentation occur?
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when oxygen is not available.
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advantage to fermintation
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provides bursts of ATP when oxygen is lacking.
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disadvantage to fermintation
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lactate acid is toxic to molecules
lowers pH and causes fatigue, or muscle burn. |
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oxygen debt
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the amount of oxygen owed to the liver to convert accumulated lactic acid to pyruvate.
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catabolism
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the breakdown of complex molecules to form simpler ones, release of energy.
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anabolism
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the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones with the storage of energy.
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turgid pressure
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vacuoule at the center of the plant fills with water and pushes cell contents against the cell wall
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provides support for the cell
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crenation
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the shriveling of a cell by losing water.
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lysis
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cell swells with water
placed in a hypotonic solution where water enters the cell. |
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