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94 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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The blood vessels that drain capillaries are |
Venules |
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The two components of the cardiovascular system are |
The heart which pumps the blood and the blood vessels which carry the blood |
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The use of blood for exchange |
Blood removes waste products Blood brings oxygen to tissues Blood carries nutrients |
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Functions of the cardiovascular system |
capillaries Regulate blood flow in accordance with needs of the body Exchange nutrients, gases, and wastes in the capillariesRegulate blood flow in accordance with needs of the bodyMove blood throughout the blood vessels and back to the heart Generate blood pressure Move blood throughout the blood vessels and back to the heart Generate blood pressure |
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The lymphatic system works with the cardiovascular system by |
Collecting excess tissue fluid |
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Strong-willed blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called |
Arteries |
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Arteries feed directly into smaller blood vessels called |
Arterioles |
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Capillary walls are made of |
A single layer of epithelial cells |
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The blood vessels that drain capillaries are |
Venules |
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The heart is located between the lungs and is tilted with the apex pointing to the |
Left |
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The structure that moves blood directly from an arteriole to a venue when a capillary bed is closed is an |
Arteriovenous shunt |
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All of the following are found in veins |
Endothelium Valves Connective tissue |
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Veins have one-way valves which |
Prevent the backward flow of blood to the heart |
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The major layer of the heart is the |
Myocardium and is composed of cardiac muscle tissue |
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The heart is located in a tough membranous sacks called |
The pericardium |
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Gap junction aid in |
Simultaneous contractions of cardiac fibers |
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How many chambers does the heart have? |
4 |
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A ventricle is a lower chamber of the heart that |
Pumps blood out of the heart into blood vessels such as the aorta |
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The upper chambers of the heart that receive blood from systematic and pulmonary veins are called the |
Atria |
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Ventricles are |
Thick-walled, pumping chambers of the heart |
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The valves that lie between the atria and the ventricles are called the |
Atrioventricular valves |
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The heart valves that prevent blood in the arteries from re-entering the ventricles are |
Semilunar valves |
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The first branches off the aorta serve the heart muscle itself and are called the |
Coronary arteries |
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Where is blood located within the human body? |
Within blood vessels |
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The middle layer of an arteriole contains mostly |
Smooth muscle |
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Venules are small veins that drain blood from smaller blood vessels called |
Capillaries |
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What tightly joins myocardial muscle fibers together? |
Intercalated disks |
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Semilunar valves separate |
The ventricle and its associated blood vessels |
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Why is the heart referred to as a double pump? |
The two sides of the heart pump to different areas of the body |
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Phases of the cardiac cycle |
Diastole Systole |
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The working phase of the heart is known as |
Systole |
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The working phase of the heart is known as |
Systole |
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The resting or relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle is called |
Diastole |
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What is the function of the atrioventricular node? |
It conducts the electrical stimulus from the atria into the ventricles |
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Ventricular fibrillation |
Refers to uncontrolled irregular activity of the ventricles |
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A resting pulse rate is typically in the range of |
60-80 beats per minute |
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The highest arterial pressure reached as blood is ejected from the heart is called |
Systolic pressure |
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Blood moves slowest in |
Capillaries |
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The circulatory vessels involved with blood flow to and from the lungs make up the |
Pulmonary circuit |
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Another name for the pacemaker of the heart is the |
Sinoatrial node |
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Uncoordinated irregular activity of the ventricles is referred to as |
Ventricular fibrillation |
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The circulatory vessels involved with blood flow to and from the lungs make up the |
Pulmonary circuit |
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Blood leaving the heart to travel the pulmonary circuit leaves which chamber of the heart? |
Right ventricle |
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The vascular pathway which serves the needs of body tissues is the |
Systemic circuit |
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Blood vessels in order of blood route as it leaves the left ventricle, goes to the legs, and returns to the heart |
Aorta Femoral artery Capillary Femoral vein Inferior vena cavae |
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Blood vessels in order of blood route as it leaves the left ventricle, goes to the legs, and returns to the heart |
Aorta Femoral artery Capillary Femoral vein Inferior vena cava |
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The following control the movement of fluid through the capillary wall |
Blood pressure Osmotic pressure |
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The fluid contained within lymphatic vessels is called |
Lymph |
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Atherosclerosis occurs when what form on the inside of blood vessel walls? |
Lesions, or atherosclerotic plaques |
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A clot that is moving through the bloodstream is called an |
Embolus |
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The technical term for a stroke is |
A cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
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What are types of cardiovascular disease, which are associated with risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, obesity, and high cholesterol? |
Stroke Heart attack Atherosclerosis |
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A myocardial infarction is also called a |
Heart attack |
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Few heart patients near death may be a recipient for a |
Total artificial heart |
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The following are external controls regulating the heartbeat |
Medulla oblongata Epinephrine Norepinephrine Sympathetic nervous system |
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The following are external controls regulating the heartbeat |
Medulla oblongata Epinephrine Norepinephrine Sympathetic nervous system |
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Hypertension refers to |
High blood pressure |
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Coronary bypass and angioplasty can be used to treat |
A clogged coronary artery |
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Valves are needed in veins for the return of blood because |
Blood pressure in veins is low |
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Main blood vessels that carry blood immediately away from the heart |
Aorta Pulmonary arteries |
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Heart failure |
The condition in which the heart is no longer able to pump as it should |
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Precapillary sphincters |
Rings of muscle that control blood flow through a capillary bed |
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What does the hepatic portal vein acquire during circulation before travelling to the liver? |
Nutrients |
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The liver |
Manufactures blood proteins Involved with fat transport Removes toxins |
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The left ventricle has |
The thickest wall |
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Blood flow in veins |
Blood pressure tends to be low Veins have valves that prevent the backward flow of blood Contraction of skeletal muscles surrounding veins helps move blood back towards the heart |
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The septum is |
An internal wall that separates the right and left side of the heart |
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Aneurysm |
Ballooning of a blood vessel |
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Atherosclerosis |
Is the build up of fatty acids in the arteries |
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QRS Waves |
ECG waves that indicate the ventricles are about to contract |
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Return of venous blood is dependent on |
Respiratory pump Skeletal muscle pump Valves in veins |
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The blood in the pulmonary arterial is oxygen |
Poor |
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Angioplasty |
The procedure during which a plastic tube is inserted into a blood vessel and a balloon is then used to inflate a blocked vessel |
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t-PA works by |
Producing the enzyme thrombin |
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In a coronary bump operation, a surgeon uses |
A blood vessel to move blood past am area of blockage |
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The first heart sound (lib) occurs when |
Increasing pressure of blood inside a ventricle forces the cusps of the AV valves to close |
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Atherosclerosis is the build up of fatty acids in the arteries. These masses are typically called |
Atherosclerotic plaques |
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A normal value for adult blood pressure |
110/75 |
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Angina pectoris |
The feeling of pressure, squeezing, and pain in the chest, left arm, and shoulder that is caused by a partial blockage of a coronary artery |
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Blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart via the |
Pull veins and fills the left atrium |
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Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) |
An alternative to a heart transplant that involves a tube passing from the left ventricle to the aorta |
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Aspirin may be prescribed |
To lower the possibility of clot formation in a perfect who has shown symptoms of angina or stroke |
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On an ECG, the P waves indicates |
The atria are about to contract |
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What forces control the exchange of materials across the walls of capillaries? |
Osmotic and blood pressure |
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The first wave (P waves) of am ECG occurs prior to |
Atrial contraction |
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In the pulmonary circuit, blood flowing to the lungs leaves the heart via the |
Pulmonary arteries and returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins |
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The major portion of the cardiovascular system is called the |
Systemic circuit |
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Which of these correctly traces the path of blood from the left ventricle to the head? |
Left ventricle Aorta Carotid artery Head |
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When excess tissue fluid enters lymphatic vessels, it becomes |
Lymph |
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The chamber of the heart that receives blood from the pulmonary is the |
Left atrium |
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The right atrium receives highly oxygenated blood from |
The pulmonary veins |
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What is the function of the heart valves? |
Prevent backward flow of blood |
And keep it moving in one direction through the heart |
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How does excess tissue fluid return to the blood vessels? |
It returns as lymph in lymphatic capillaries |
Lymphatic capillaries are later drained into blood vessels |
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What is the system that assists the cardiovascular system by collecting excess tissue fluid and returning it to the cardiovascular system? |
Lymphatic system |
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