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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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The Process of Science
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The Scientific Method
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Part of the Scientific Method
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1. observation
2. hypothesis 3. testing the hypothesis 4. conclusion 5. theory |
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Define the Scientific Method
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An orderly process for solving problems and seeking answers
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1. Observation
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- use of all senses
- data from other scientists - leads to asking questions |
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2. hypothesis (inductive reasoning)
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- possible explanation for 'why' or 'how'
- makes a prediction: 'if'- 'then' - must be testable |
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What are the three types of Chemical bonding?
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Ionic bonding
Covalent bonding Hydrogen bonding |
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What is Ionic bonding?
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a bond formed between two oppositely charged ions
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Define ion
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an atom or group of atoms with a net charge
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How do you form an ion?
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atoms will lose or gain one or more electrons in order to form an ion.
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What is hydrogen bonding?
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a bond formed between negative side of one molecule and positive side of another
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Four types of Macromolecules
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carbohydrates
lipids nucleic acids proteins |
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Three types of carbohydrates
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monosaccharides
disaccharides polysaccharides |
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What are polysaccharides?
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long chains of monosaccharides
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Three types of polysaccharides
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starch
glycogen cellulose |
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Cellulose
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Structural carbohydrate in plant cell walls
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Five types of Lipids
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fatty acids
triglycerides phospholipids waxes steroids |
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proteins are composed of
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amino group
NH3+ Carboxyl group COO- R group variable |
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dipeptide
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Two amino acids joined together by a peptide bond
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phospholipids are composed of
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2 non polar fatty acid tails
polar head (glyserol molecule plus one phosphate group PO4-³ And nitrogen group |
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function of phospholipids
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structural molecule in cell membranes
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What are steroids
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four fused carbon rings
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function of steroids
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many hormones, structural molecule in animal cell membranes
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What are triglycerides
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glycerol molecule plus 3 fatty acids
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function of triglycerides
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food source, food storage, insulation...
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Polypeptides are...
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Kong chains of amino acids
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example of third level polypeptide
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glob in in hemoglobin, enzymes
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nucleotides are composed of ....
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phosphate group (PO4-³)
five sided sugar (pentose) nitrogen base |
base
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Three types of nucleic acids are
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RNA
DNA ATP |
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What is RNA
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single stranded polymer of nucleotides
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functions during protein synthesis
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What is DNA
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double stranded polymer of nucleotides
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What is ATP
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Adenosine Triphosphate
single adesine nuclei tide with three phosphate groups |
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Five protein components
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channel proteins
carrier protein receptor protein recognition protein enzymatic protein |
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components of lipids
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phospholipids
cholesterol glycolipids |
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glycolipids
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short polysaccharide made with lipid and carbohydrate. animal membranes only
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function of glycolipids
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mark cell as self
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enzymatic protein
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acts as catalyst
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three special cases of osmosis
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turgor
plasmolysis inhibition |
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