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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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skin
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sebum, perspiration, lysozymes
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mucous membranes
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often associated with ciliated cells
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defensive white blood cells
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macrophages and neutrophils
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inflammatory response
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blood vessels in area become dilated and permeable, chemical intermediaries include histamine, leukocytosis-inducing factor; pyrogens
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antimicrobial proteins
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interferon, complement (opsonization)
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antigen
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substance that elicits an immune response by binding to receptors of B cells, antibodies, or T cells
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antibody
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protein secreted by plasma cells diff B cells that binds to a particular antigen
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active immunity
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long lasting immunity conferred by the action of B cells and T cells and the resulting B and T memory specific for pathogen
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(natural) active immunity
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exposed to disease
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(artificial) active immunity
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vaccination
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passive immunity
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short term immunity confferred by the transfer of antibodies, as occurs in the transfer of maternal antibodies to a fetus or nursing infant
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(natural) passive immunity
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across placenta and antibodies in milk
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(artificial) passive immunity
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inject antibodies
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humoral immune response
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production of antibodies (B cells)
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macrophage
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phagocytic; functions in tissues that function in innate immunity by destroying microbes and in acquired immunity as an antigen presenting cell
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t helper cells
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class lymphocytes that matrue in the thymes; they both include effector cells for cell-mediated immune response and helper cells for adaptive immunity
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B cell
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lymphocytes that complete their development in bone development in bone marrow and become effector cells for the humoral immune response
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antibody
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immunoglobulins
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antibody structure
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consists of four polypeptides; two long or heavy chains, two short or light chains.
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IgM
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pentamer, effective in agglutinating antigens
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IgG
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most abundant of circulating antibodies
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IgA
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abundant in mucous membranes
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IgD
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antigen receptor found on B cells membranes
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IgE
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attach to receptors on mast cells and basophils; stimulate release of histamines
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primary immune response
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initial, adaptive immune response to an antigen which appears after log of 10-17 days
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secondary immune response
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more rapid, active immune response elicited on second or sub sequence espousers to a particular antigen; greater magnitude, and longer than primary immune response
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systematic lupus erythrematosis
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leads to long term chronic inflammation
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rheumatoid arthritis
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is a chronic inflammatory disorder that typically affects the small joints in your hands and feet.
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insulin-dependent diabetes
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chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, impaired metabolism and storage of important nutrients, evidence of autoimmunity, and long-term vascular and neurologic complications
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graves disease
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autoimmune disease. It most commonly affects the thyroid, frequently causing it to enlarge to twice its size or more (goiter), become overactive
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Kaposi's sarcoma
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is a cancer that causes patches of abnormal tissue to grow under the skin, in the lining of the mouth, nose, and throat or in other organs.
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pneumocystis carinii
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this type of pneumonia is caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jiroveci.
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