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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hydrophilic
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Having an affinity for water
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Hydrophobic
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Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form droplets in water.
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acid
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A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentartion of a solution.
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pH
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a measure of hydrogen ion concentration equl to -log[H+] and ranging in value from 1 to 14
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Base
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A substance taht reduces the hyddrogen ion concentration of a solution.
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enantiomer (optical isomer)
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One of two compounds that are mirror images of each other.
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macromolecule
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A giant molecule formed by the joing of smaller molecules, usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids are macromolecules.
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anabolism
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consumes energy to build complicated molecules from simpler ones. [ie synthesis of a protein]
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polymer
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A long moleclue consistng of many similar or identical monomers linked together.
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catabolism
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degrades large molecules into smaller ones. [ie cellular respiration]
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Atomic weight (mass)
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The total mass of an atom, which is the mass in grams of 1 moles of the atom.
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prokaryotic cell
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A type of cell lackng a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles.
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adenosine triphosphate
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ATP! Contains the sugar ribose, with the nitrogenous base adenine and a chain of three phosphate groups bonded to it.
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eukaryotic cell
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A type of cell with a memebrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles
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Central Dogma
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Cells are governed by the idea that DNA codes RNA which codes protein.
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radioisotope
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An isotope that is unstable; the nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off detectable particles and energy
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Molecular weight
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The sum of the masss of all the atoms in a molecule
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molarity
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A common measure of solute concentration, referring to the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
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Valence electrons
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An electron in the outermost electron shell
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