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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
polymers of nucleotides
Nucleic Acids
Examples of nucleic acids
DNA, RNA
3 parts of nucleotides
1. A phosphate group
2. A 5-Carbon Sugar (ribose or deoxyribose)
3. A nitrogen containing base (1 of 5)
Guanine pairs with what?
Cytosine
What pairs with adenine? In DNA? In RNA?
thymine, uracil
DNA is a _____ code, meaning groups of 3 bases stand for one of the 20 amino acids
triplet
DNA holds the instructions for the sequence of _____?
amino acids
Errors or faults in the DNA sequence can change a protein's ______?
function
The movement of particles from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration?
diffusion
lacks membrane bound organelles and has no nucleus.. ex. bacteria
prokaryote
contains membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus.. all other organisms
eukaryote
Digestive compartments in a cell?
Lysosomes- remove or recycle damaged parts
Membranes are composed of ____ and ____
phospholipids and proteins
Membranes appear mosaic because of?
the proteins embedded in the phospholipids
Membranes appear fluid because?
the proteins can drift about in the phospholipids
glucoproteins and glycolipids serve as?
i.d tags-> immune system will recognize as one of your cells ex: body doesn't recognize i.d. tags sometimes when there's a virus present
What helps materials move through the cell?
cytoskeleton
Membrane proteins may be: (3)
1. Enzymes
2. Signal transduction, transmitting signals from one cell to another
3. Transport
Membranes have a quality that allows them to get small nonpolar molecules trough membranes easily but some large polar molecules don't come through the membrane as easily, some of the membranes inside cell help move things in & out. What is this quality?
selective permeability
anytime that you have a greater concentration of molecules in one region than another
concentration gradient
Does moving with the concentration gradient require energy? Against the concentration gradient?
Yes, No
Energy is required for the active transport of a solute against its concentration gradient. What energy is that?
ATP