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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is pyruvate oxidation?
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The breaking down of a pyruvate to create energy.
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What happens when oxygen is present in pyruvate oxidation? Not present?
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When it is present, pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl-CoA which goes into the Krebs Cycle. If it is not present, pyruvate is reduced in order to oxidize NADH back to NAD+.
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What are the products of pyruvate oxidation?
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1 carbon dioxide
1 NADH 1 acetyl-CoA |
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What happens in the Krebs Cycle?
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The Krebs Cycle oxidizes the acetyl CoA from the pyruvate.
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What are the products of the Krebs Cycle?
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2 carbon dioxide
3 NAD+ to NADH reduce FAD to FADH2 produce 1 ATP regenerate oxaloacetate. |
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What is the electron transport chain?
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THE ETC is a series of membrane bound electron carriers. It's embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Each complex transfers e-the electron down the chain. some energy is lost each time. this is used to pump H+ across the membrane from the matrix to the inner membrane space. a proton gradient is established.
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What are the 2 steps to make ATP?
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1. substrate level phosphorylation.
2. oxidative phosphorylation |
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What are the steps of the oxidation of glucose?
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1. glycolysis
2. pyruvate oxidation 3. krebs cycle 4. electron transport chaing and chemiosmosis. |
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What is glycolysis?
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The breaking apart of glucose. Occurs in the cytosol
Glucose yields 2 pyruvate. first 5 steps use atp, next five harvest nadh and atp. |
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What are the net results of glycolysis?
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2 ATP
2 NADH 2 pyruvate |
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Which energy molecules deposit electrons onto the mitochondrial inner membrane?
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NADH and FADH2.
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ATP can be produced by diffusing _____ ions onto the matrix.
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H+.
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How do most protons diffuse into the matrix?
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ATP synthase: a membrane bound enzyme that uses the energy of the proton gradient to synthesize ATP from ADP and an additional phosphate.
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What is the final electron acceptor in Aerobic Respiration?
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Oxygen
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What is the final electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration?
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inorganic molecules
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what is the final electron acceptor in fermentation?
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an organic molecule
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What does fermentation do?
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Reduces organic molecules in order to regenerate NAD+ so cells don't run out.
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What does ethanol fermentation occur in?
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CO2, yeast, ethanol, and NAD+.
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What is lactic acid fermentation? Where does it occur?
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electrons are transfered from NADH to pyruvate to produce lactic acid. it occurs in humans because of oxygen debt.
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