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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 properties of water that allow earth to sustain life |
cohesion moderation of temperature insulation of ice solvent of life |
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cohesion |
property of water to hold together because of the hydrogen bonds between the polar water molecules |
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surface tension |
measure of how much the surface of a liquid resists stretching and breaking |
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adhesion |
the property of attraction between 2 substances |
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heat |
total amount of kinetic energy in the particles of an object |
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temperature |
average kinetic energy of particles in an object |
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specific heat capacity |
amount of heat needed to change the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree C |
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evaporative cooling |
decrease in the average kinetic energy of substances as the most energetic particles leave as gas |
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hydration shell |
sphere of water molecules that forms around ions in an aqueous solutions |
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hydrophillic |
substance has an attraction to water |
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hydrophobic |
substance repels water |
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colloid |
stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid |
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molarity |
number of moles of solute per liter of solution |
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layers of a forest |
canopy understory forest floor |
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canopy |
highest layer of vegitation |
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understory |
area under canopy |
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forest floor |
ground layer of the forest |
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what may cause a biome to change? |
disturbance |
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zones of a lake ecosystem |
littoral limnetic profundal |
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littoral |
from shoreline to where rooted aquatic plants end |
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limnetic |
beginning at end of littoral, extends to where there is efficient light for photosynthesis |
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profundal |
insufficient light for photsynthesis |
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factors that affect aquatic ecosystems |
saltwater vs freshwater o2 concentration other dissolved substances pollutants |
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levels of a lake |
epilimnion hypolimnion thermocline |
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epilimnion |
upper level, warms up in the summer |
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hypolimnion |
low temperature |
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thermocline |
layer where temperature drops rapidly |
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photic zone |
region near surface of water where there is enough sunlight for photosynthesis |
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benthic zone |
the rocks and sediment on the bottom of lakes |
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wetland |
an ecosystem in which water either covers the soil or is present at or near the surface |
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estuary |
type of wetland formed where a river meets the sea |
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zones of an ocean |
intertidal zone coastal zone open zone |
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intertidal zone |
above water at low tide and submerged at high tide |
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coastal zone |
relatively shallow water above the continental shelf |
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open zone |
the deepwater beyond the continental shelf |
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populations can be described by: |
geographic range density and distribution growth rate age structure |
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geographic range |
are inhabited by a population |
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population density |
number of individuals in an area |
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growth rate |
how fast a population is growing/shrinking |
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age structure |
age of individuals |
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population growth rate can be determined by: |
birth rate death rate immigration emigration |
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cohort |
group of individuals that are about the same age |
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life table |
age specific summary of the survival pattern of a population |
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reproductive table |
life table for female of a population |
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life history |
series of events from an organisms birth to death |
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big bang reproduction (semelparity) |
an organism generally has one or few reproductive events producing many offspring |
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repeated reproduction (iteroparity) |
an organism will reproduce several times but produce fewer offspring |
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limiting factors |
factors that control growth of population |
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2 limiting factors |
density dependent density independent |
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density dependent |
factors act more strongly the more dense the population |
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density independent |
factors affect population regardless of density |
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allele effect |
fitness of an organism increases with increased population |
