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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Modes of inheritance |
patterns in which single gene traits/disorders occur in families |
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Autosomal dominant |
Affects both sexes, appears every generation |
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Autosomal recessive |
Affects both sexes, can skip generations through carriers |
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True-breeding |
Offspring have same trait as parent |
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The observed trait is... |
dominant |
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The masked trait is... |
recessive |
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Monohybrid cross |
mating between two individuals with different alleles Ex: pink flower and white flower |
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Law of Segregation |
stating that during the production of gametes the two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent Ex: Mom YY Dad yy offspring Yy |
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Genotype |
Organism's alleles Ex: PP, Pp, pp |
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Phenotype |
Outward expression of allele combination Ex: white flower, red flower, pink flower |
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Homozygous |
carry same alleles Ex: TT or tt |
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Heterozygous |
carry different alleles Ex: Tt |
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Test-cross |
test used to cross parent phenotypes, to view the offspring's phenotype |
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Consanguinity |
Being from the same ancestor or descendent |
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Independent Assortment |
when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together. |
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Product rule |
predicts parents offspring's genotype |
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dihybrid |
the offspring of parents differing in two specific pairs of genes Ex: RyYy |
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Pedigrees |
Symbolic representations of family relationships & transmission of inherited traits |
