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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
smooth muscle
involuntary. located in GI tract, blood vessels, bronchi, bronchioles
cell membrane of smooth muscle cell
sarcolemma
skeletal muscle
striated. multinucleated. voluntary
individual cells cannot be distinguished from one another (cardiac muscle)
synctium
these divide cardiac tissue into sections
intercalated discs
this pumps blood both forward and backward in the worm
ventral blood vessel
worms have a _____ circulatory system
closed
grasshoppers have a ______ circulatory system
open
in the grasshopper: the anterior end of the tube (heart) forms the aorta which opens into the_____
hemocoel
fluid that bathes the internal organs
hemolymph
exchange of materials occurs between (in grasshoppers)
hemolymph and cells
spleen
produces and stores red and white blood cells and destroys old blood cells
3 layers of cells of arteries and veins
innermost: single layer of squamous epithelium (tunica intima)
middle: tunica media. smooth muscle and connective tissue
outermost: tunica adventitia. connective tissue
capillaries
vessels that allow gasses, nutrients, and waste products to pass in or out of
thin sac that a frog's heart lies in
pericardium
short thick vessel that emerges from the ventricle and lays across the atria - frog
conus arteriosus
triangular thin-walled area that receives blood from the three branches of the venae cavae - frog
sinus venosus
three major arteries that arise from each branch of the truncus arteriosus
carotid arch to the head, systemic arch tot he body, pulmocutaneous arch to the lungs and skin
directs the flow so that most of the oxygen-poor blood goes to the pulmocutaneous arch
spiral valve
lining of the outer suface of a mammal's heart
epithelium called epicardium
lining of the inner surface of a mammal's heart
epithelium called endocardium
muscle between the two layers
myocardium
bulk of the mammal heart
myocardium
this separates the left ventricle from the left atrium
atroventricular valve
the right AV valve
tricuspid
left AV valve
bicuspid
separates the aorta from the left ventricle and prevents the backflow of blood back into the heart
semilunar valve
semilunar valve
positioned between the pulmonary artery main trunk and the right ventricle
semilunar valve
connects conus arteriosus to ventricle
high heart rate
ventricular tachycardia