Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Cells use nucleic acid DNA and RNA to...
|
store genetic information
|
|
|
DNA
|
deoxyribonucleic acid
-blue print for all of the proteins that a cell produces |
|
|
Proteins form _____ that are responsible for carrying out all of the metabolic reactions in the cell and give an organism its characteristic traits.
|
structural elements and enzymes
|
|
|
RNA
|
ribonucleic acid
- helps the cell decode the stored information from its DNA and facilitates the production of protein molecules. |
|
|
the basic units (monomers) that compose DNA are called?
|
nucleotides
|
|
|
DNA nucleotides consist of..
|
deoxyribose -sugar molecule
phosphate molecule nitrogenous base |
|
|
The nitrogenous bases found in DNA are?
|
adenine
thymine cytosine guanine |
|
|
Before a cell begins mitosis, it must exactly duplicate its DNA so that each of the daughter cells will have the same amount of genetic material as the starting cell. This happens during the ...
|
S stage of interphase
|
|
|
DNA base pairings
|
adenine- thymine
cytosine- gyanine |
|
|
What are the differences between RNA and DNA?
|
1)sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose
2) uracil instead of thymine |
|
|
transcription
|
make a mRNA molecule from the DNA templete
- happens in the nucleus of the cell |
|
|
sense strand
|
the one strand of DNA that is transcribed to mRNA
|
|
|
the termination region
|
the point that RNA polymerase and mRNA should detach from the DNA template
|
|
|
Each triplet of mRNA nucleotides is called a ...
|
codon and corresponds to a particular amino acid
|
|
|
translation
|
convert the mRNA (sequence of nucleotides) to a protein (sequence of amino acids)
- takes place in cytoplasm |
|
|
Ribosomal RNA
|
and additional proteins compose the ribosome which catalyzes the formation of proteins
|
|
|
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
|
one end that has a triplet of nucleotides called anti-codon that corresponds to the codons of the mRNA. The other end of the tRNA molecule will attach to a specific amino acid found in the cytoplasm.
|
