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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Interphase
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period of time between divisions
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What happens during interphase?
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Nucleus appears normal
Performs usual functions Increases components |
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Centromere
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region of DNA typically found near the middle of a chromosome where two identical sister chromatids come in contact
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Mitosis
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nuclear division
-nuclei receive the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus |
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Cytokinesis
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cytoplasm divides producing two daughter cells
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Mitosis is a form of ____ reproduction.
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asexual
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The cell cycle
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cytoplasmic organelle duplication occurs during interphase as does synthesis of proteins involved in regulating cell division.
4 stages |
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4 stages of the cell cycle
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G1 growth
S synthesis- growth and DNA replication G2 growth- and final prep fro cell divison M mitosis- PMAT |
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Typical time for animal cell cycle
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18-24 hours
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Time required for mitosis
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less than 1 hours to slightly more than 2 hours
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Mitosis
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nuclear division that results in two nuclei, each having the same number of chromosomes as the original nucleus
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Parent cell
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the cell that divides
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daughter cell
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resulting cells
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When cell division is about to begin, chromatin...
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start to condense and compact to form a visible, rodlike sister chromatin held together at the centromere
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Spindle
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structure that appears and brings about orderly distribution of chromosomes to the daughter cell nuclei
-fibers that stretch between poles |
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Spindle fibers are..
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bundles of microtubules
-protein cylinders |
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Centrosome
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main microtubule
-organization center for the cell -divides before mitosis -each pole of the spindle has a centrosome |
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centrioles
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2 barrel shaped organelles
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Chromosomes
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rod shaped
contains DNA |
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Nucleolus
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RNA for ribosome formation
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Spindle
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microtubule
chromosome movement during cell division |
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Chromatids
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2 identical parts of a chromosome fallowing DNA replication
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Centromere
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where duplicates of chromosomes are held together
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Centrosome
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central microtubule
consists of granular material contains two centrioles |
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Centrioles
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short cylinder organelles in animal cells that contain microtubules
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Aster
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short
radiating fibers produced by centrioles |
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Early prophase
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centrioles have duplicated
chromatin is condensing into chromosomes nuclear envelope is fragmenting |
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Prophase
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nucleolus has disappeared
duplicated chromosomes are visible centrosomes begin moving apart spindle is in process of forming |
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Prometaphase
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kinetochore of each chromatid is attached to a kineochore spindle fiber
Polar spindle fiber stretch from pole to pole |
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Metaphase
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Centromeres of duplicated chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate (middle)
Kinetochore spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids come from opposite spindle poles |
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Anaphase
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Sister chromatids part and become daughter chromosomes that move toward the poles
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Telophase
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Daughter cells are forming as nuclear envelope and nucleoli reappear
Chromosome will become indistinct chromatin |
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Cleavage furrow
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an indication of the membrane between the daughter nuclei
begins as anapahse draws to a close |
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Cell plate
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membrane vesicles derived from Golgi apparatus migrate to the center of the cell and form cell plate
- location of a new plasma membrane and future cell wall |
