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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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energy-rich molecules that are the major source of energy for the cell
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simple sugars
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Formed primarily by joining simple sugars, like glucose, together into a complex weave of chains
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complex carbohydrates
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cellular constituents made of amino acids coded for by genes. Can have structural, transport, or enzymatic roles
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proteins
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hydrophobic molecules including fats and steroids
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lipids
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structure of DNA?
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double helix
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base pairs of DNA?
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A+T, C+G
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sentences of DNA?
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genes
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instructions for how different parts of our body function?
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genes
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Two Primary Functions of DNA?
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1. Produce proteins, which allow all functions and characteristics of an organism.
2. Replicate itself for the purpose of cell division |
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region toward the middle of the replicated chromosome where sister chromatids are attached to each other
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centromere
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copied chromosomes that are composed of one DNA molecule
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sister chromatids
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the division of the nucleus that produces daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell
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mitosis
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process that diploid sex cells undergo in order to produce haploid daughter cells
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meiosis
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a cell containing homologous pairs of chromosomes
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diploid cell
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cells containing only one member of each homologous pair of chromosomes
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haploid cell
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part of the cell cycle during which two daughter cells are formed by the cytoplasm splitting
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cytokinesis
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genetic composition of an individual
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genotype
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physical and physiological traits of an individual
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phenotype
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genotype containing two different alleles for a gene
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heterozygous
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genotype containing identical alleles for a gene
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homozygous
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applies to an allele with an effect that is visible in a heterozygote
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dominant
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applies to an allele with an effect that is not visible in a heterozygote
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recessive
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When is variation introduced during Meiosis?
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1. Independent Assortment
2. Random Assignment 3. Crossing Over |
