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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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- lymphocyte (agranular)
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- monocyte (agranular) - leave cell and form macrophages |
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- neutrophil (granular)
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- eosinophil (granular) - red background |
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- Basophil (granular)
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- Sickle cell anemia - cells sickle, form clusters, and clog capillaries - patients cant handle high altitude |
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- frog blood - nucleated RBC, unlike most animals |
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- artery and vein cross section - artery has a wider muscle than vein |
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granular
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- type of Leucocytes - Neutrophils: engulf bacteria - Eosinophils: allergic and parasitic reactions - Basophils: histamine (causes dilation of the blood vessels) for inflammation |
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agranular
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- type of Leucocytes - Lymphocytes: antibodies - Monocytes: macrophages (scavenging cells) |
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functions of the CS
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- transport gases (O2, CO2) - transport nutrients and waste - transport water - transport hormones - component of immune system - helps regulate homeostasis |
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CS requires
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- Fluid: -RBC, WBC - Plasma (water, salts, nutrients, plasma proteins (fibrinogen) - Platelets (formation of blood clots) - Pump - Vessels |
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Lack circulatory system
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- Hydra, corals, flatworms
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Open CS
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- insects, spiders, crustacean, and most mollusks - have heart and arteries, but no capillaries or veins - hemolymph |
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Closed CS
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- earthworms, birds, mammals, (vertebrates) - system made up of tubes - blood never leaves the vessels |
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pulmonary circuit
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- deoxygenated blood is pumped from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
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systemic circuit
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- blood is pumped from the heart to the rest of the body and back to the heart
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Ventricle with a thicker wall
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- Left ventricle - needs a larger muscle to pump blood through the entire body (systemic circuit) |
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Erythrocytes
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- RBC - contain hemoglobin - transport oxygen |
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Leucocytes
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- WBC - immune response and defense - granular and agranular types |
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arteries
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- thick wall of smooth muscle - transport away from heart |
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veins
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- skinnier wall of smooth muscle - valves move blood through vessel - transport toward the heart |
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heart
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- pump of CS - 4 chambers - right side = systemic - left = pulmonary - valves prevent backflow - atrioventricular, pulmonary, aortic (semilunar) |
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coronary arteries and veins
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- provide oxygen to heart
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apex
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- base of heart
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placenta
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- organ made of both mother and fetal tissues through which gases and nutrients pass between mom and baby - mass of capillaries - also secretes hormones |
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umbilical cord
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- connects fetus to placenta - two arteries carry deox blood away from fetus - one vein carries ox blood back to fetus from placenta - allantoic stalk connects to allantois (sac that acts as a dump for metabolic wastes of the fetus) |
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ductus venosus
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- location in which umbilical vein from placenta and joins the posterior or inferior vena cava |
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ductus arteriosus
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- connection between pulmonary artery and aorta - allows most of the blood to go to the fetus body, bypassing the lungs but sends enough to continue development |
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foramen ovule
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- opening in the septum between right and left atria - allows blood in RA to go straight to LA, bypassing the lungs - closes in first year of birth (small hole can cause migraines) |
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4 veins of brachiocephalic
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- internal jugular - external jugular - cephalic vein - right subclavian |
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R/L brachiocephalic vein Internal jugular External jugular Cephalic vein Subclavian vein Brachiocephalic trunk Subclavian artery Common carotid artery Hepatic portal system Celiac arteryRenal arteries |
