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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is restriction fragment length polymorphism used for?
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1) Mapping genes for diseases/disorders
2) Paternity testing 3) Crime solving |
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Restriction enzymes
Where are they found? What do they do? How do they do it it? |
• produced in bacteria
• protect bacterium from foreign DNA invasion (viruses) • Cuts foreign DNA at specific sites |
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Restriction site
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• Location at a specific sequence of DNA at which restriction enzymes cut
• found randomly throughout DNA • differ for each individual |
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Inverted repeats
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How restriction enzymes cut
At the same base on the antiparallel DNA strands |
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How do restriction enzymes help match an individual to a sample of DNA?
Ex. in a crime lab |
• Since each person has different restriction sites, everyone's DNA cuts up in unique patterns
• the pattern of a suspect can be matched to the pattern of DNA from a crime scene |
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Agarose gel electrophoresis
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• Technique used to separate DNA fragments according to size
• when electricity is sent through the gel, the fragments travel through the gel's pores |
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Agarose
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A gelatinous matrix through which DNA fragments travel in electrophoresis
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Which fragments will travel further down the agarose gel?
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Smaller fragments
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What charge does DNA have and why?
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Negative charge, because of its phosphate groups
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What is the charge of the 2 electrodes, and what is their color?
To which will the DNA travel towards? |
Anode = red +ve
Cathode = black -ve DNA will travel towards the anode |
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What is the purpose of adding the buffer?
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It conducts electricity through the gel
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What is the purpose of the loading dye?
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1) Gives the DNA density for loading into the wells
2) Blue shows how far the DNA migrated |
