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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is Carbon the basis of much of life? |
It forms 4 covalent bonds which makes carbon molecules super diverse |
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Hydroxyl |
-OH, compound name (CN) Alcohol. polar bias, electron attracted more to O than H. Can form H bonds with H2O to help dissolve sugars. |
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Carbonyl |
CO, CN- Ketones or Aldehydes if the group is at the end of the skeleton. They can be structural isomers. --> Ketoses and aldoses are in sugars. |
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Amino |
Nh2- CN Amino. Acts as a base that can pick up a proton, and is ionized with a charge of +1 in cell |
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Sulfhydryl |
-SH CN Thiol. -sh can form covalent bond and stabilize a protein. |
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Phosphate |
-PO4-2 CN-Organic phosphate. contributes to negative charge, has the potential to react with H2o and release energy. |
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Methyl |
-ch3 CN Methylated compounds. Methylated DNA suppresses gene expression, and changes effects and functions of sex hormones |
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Configuration vs. Conformation |
ways of structuring a protein. Configuration requires breaking bonds, changing the arrangement of atoms vs conformation which is just the arrangement of the atoms. |
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Structural Isomers |
Structures differ in connectivity |
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Stereoisomers |
the covalent bonds are the same but the atoms are arranged in a different structure |
