Bio Ii Exam 2

Front 1

Platypus

Back 1

furry body, bill, webbed feet, lays eggs, has mammary glands

Front 2

What is the platypus' bill for?

Back 2

sensory organ for locating food underwater

Front 3

Age of amphibians

Back 3

early amphibians ate insects in carboniferous forests

Front 4

what were the first tetrapods to walk on land?

Back 4

Amphibians

Front 5

What does an amniotic egg have?

Back 5

an amnion, a private pond for the embryo to develop

Front 6

What does amniotic eggs allow completion of?

Back 6

completion of life cycle on land

Front 7

Lizards, snakes, turtles, crocodilians, and birds are what type of reptiles?

Back 7

amniotic

Front 8

Terrestrial Adaptations for reptiles

Back 8

scales that are waterproofed with keratin

Front 9

are nonbird reptiles endothermic or ectothermic

Back 9

Ectothermic

Front 10

How do nonbird reptiles regulate body temperature

Back 10

by basking or seeking shade

Front 11

What did birds evolve from?

Back 11

theropods

Front 12

What is the oldest bird with feathered wings?

Back 12

Archaeopteryx

Front 13

What did Archaeopteryx have that was birdlike?

Back 13

feathered wings, claws and tail with many vertebrae

Front 14

What distinctions do birds have?

Back 14

feathered wings, endothermic metabolism and adaptations for flight

Front 15

What adaptations do bird have for flight?

Back 15

loss of teeth, tail with only a few vertebrae, hollow shaft in feathers, strong honey combed bones

Front 16

What did the Red Capped Manakin bird do (2 things)?

Back 16

moonwalk and make a high pitch noise with feathers

Front 17

what do Craniates have

Back 17

have a head

Front 18

what do Vertebrates have

Back 18

have a backbone

Front 19

what two things does a tetrapod have?

Back 19

have a jaw and two pair like limbs

Front 20

what are Amniotes

Back 20

terrestrially adapted egg

Front 21

What are the most primitive vertebrates and what term are they?

Back 21

hagfishes and lampreys, they are craniates

Front 22

Where did hinged jaws come from?

Back 22

are modifications of skeletal supports of the anterior pharyngeal gill slits

Front 23

What are the Chondrichthyes

Back 23

sharks and rays

Front 24

What do ray finned and lobe fins fishes have?

Back 24

lungs or lung derivatives

Front 25

What are sharks and rays' skeleton made out of?

Back 25

cartilage

Front 26

Sharks have what two keen senses?

Back 26

sight and smell

Front 27

What do sharks have on their head to help find prey?

Back 27

Electrosensors and a lateral line system

Front 28

What are ray finned fishes internal skeleton reinforced by?

Back 28

a hard matrix of calcium phosphate

Front 29

What do ray finned fishes have that adapt them to life at the sea bottom?

Back 29

flattened scales covered in mucus, operculum to move water over the gills, and a buoyant swim bladder

Front 30

Lobe finned fishes have what type of fins (2)?

Back 30

muscular pelvic and pectoral

Front 31

What are the three lineages of lobe finned fishes?

Back 31

coelacanths, lungfishes, and tetrapods

Front 32

Tetrapods have what?

Back 32

jawed vertebrates with limbs and feet

Front 33

Ichthyostega (tetrapod evolution V)

Back 33

had a ray finned tail that indicated time in water, front limbs, fingers and shoulders that indicated time on land and had a neck

Front 34

Pandericthys (tetrapod evolution II)

Back 34

long snout, flat body, eyes on top of head, lungs and gills, fish like fins, reduced tail fin

Front 35

Acanthostga (tetrapod evolution IV)

Back 35

neck, stregnthened backbone and skull, four limbs with fingers and toes

Front 36

Tiktaalik (tetprapod evolution III)

Back 36

paddle like forelimbs were part fin and part feet, gills and neck

Front 37

2 characteristics of mammals

Back 37

hair and mammary glands

Front 38

What are the three groups of mammals?

Back 38

monotremes, marsupials, and eutherians

Front 39

What is the oldest lineage of mammals?

Back 39

monotremes (egg laying mammals) like the platypus and ecidnas

Front 40

How are embryos are nutured with marsupials and eutherians?

Back 40

by a placenta in the uterus

Front 41

Marsupial Young development

Back 41

give birth to tiny embryonic offspring and finishes development in pouch or marsupium

Front 42

Eutherians bear what kind of young and why

Back 42

fully developed live young, placentas are more complex

Front 43

What are primates' arboreal adaptations?

Back 43

shoulder and hip joints allow climbing, grasping hands and feet for mobility and flexibility, sensitive hands and feet, short snout and eyes in front for better depth perception

Front 44

What does the anthropoid group in primates include?

Back 44

monkeys, apes, and humans

Front 45

what do anthropoids have?

Back 45

rely more on sight than smell, have opposable thumbs, have large brain

Front 46

What do the hominoids(apes) in primates include?

Back 46

gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimps and humans

Front 47

What are the only fully arboreal primates?

Back 47

gibbons

Front 48

Are gorillas arboreal at all?

Back 48

no, fully terrestrial

Front 49

Chimps and humans share what percentage of DNA?

Back 49

99%