Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ATP is made of... |
Nitrogenous base- adenine Sugar-ribose Three phosphate molecules |
|
|
Cellular Respiration |
-converts glucose to ATP -takes place in the cytoplasm and mitochondria -all living things get energy this way |
|
|
Three steps of cellular respiration... |
-glycolysis -krebs cycle -electron transport chain |
|
|
Glycolysis |
-breaking down of glucose -Location: cytoplasm -Anaerobic -reactant: glucose -products: 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 molecules of pyruvate
|
|
|
Krebs Cycle |
- pyruvic acid broken down into carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and electrons -location: mitochondrial matrix -reactants: pyruvic acid (from glycolysis) -products: 6 carbon dioxide, 1 ATP, 4 NADH, 1 FADH2 |
|
|
Electron Transport Chain |
-location: outer membrane of mitochondria -reactants: electrons and hyrogen protons (from Krebs cycle) -products: at the end of the chain oxygen accepts the hydrogen making water; the chain makes a concentration gradient of hydrogen in the outer membrane of mitochondria, proteins flow through ATP synthase and releas energy which makes around 32 ATP |
|
|
Fermentation |
-anaerobic respiration -how cells make ATP when oxygen isn't present -less peoductive (only makes 2 ATP) -2 types: lactic adic, and alcohol |
|
|
Lactic Acid Fermentation |
-causes muscle soreness -pyruvate makes lactic acid which builds up in the muscles |
|
|
Alcohol Fermentation |
-happens in some yeast and bacteria - alcohol is made from pyruvate |
|
|
# of ATP made in each step |
-glycolysis: 2 -krebs cycle: 2 -electron transport chain: around 32 |
|
|
Ways plants get energy |
-with light & oxygen: photosynthesis -no oxygen: use carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH - no light: cellular respiration |
|
|
Ways humans get energy |
-with oxygen: glucose to convert ATP - no oxygen: lactic acid fermentation |
|
|
Ways yeast gets energy |
- with oxygen: glucose - no oxygen: alcohol fermentation |
