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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Science is a way of knowing...

Science is based on...

Science is...
Science is a way of knowing about the natural world.

Science is based on a body of facts.

Science is experimental, repeatable by others, and is subject to change.
History is...
History is document-based knowledge about the past. History is NOT experimental.
Religion is...
Religion is an authority-oriented belief system. Religion is NOT experimental.
Philosophy is based on...

Philosophy is...
Philosophy is based on ideas about how and why things are what they are.

Philosophy is NOT experimental.
What stages are the process of doing science?
Observations
Hypothesis
Experimentation
Analysis of Data
Reverse Hypothesis
Observation
Studying / watching closely a specific subject in order to gain information.
Hypothesis
An educated guess about some phenomenon that must be testable and falsifiable.
Experimentation
Testing your hypothesis.
Analysis of Data
Will support / contradict hypothesis.
Reverse Hypothesis (or Inductive)
Reasoning might lead to an explanation.
What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
A hypothesis is a widely accepted guess that is supported by evidence.

A theory is an idea or speculation that is evidence-based.
What is the difference between evidence and inference?
Evidence is physical proof and inference is simply a conclusion based on logic or little evidence.
Why can scientific hypotheses never be proven?
You cannot test every instance of a hypothesis.
What is the difference between precision and accuracy?
Precision is reliable and consistent measurement. Accuracy is being correct.
Independent Variable
What the experimenter changes.
Dependent Variable
Factor which the experimenter measures because they think it is affected by the I.V. (they cannot change the the D.V.)
Constants
Controllable variables that are kept the same.
Level of Treatment
Changes or variations in the amount of the I.V.
Repeated Trials
The repeating of an experiment many times to achieve very accurate data.
Theory
An explanation might come from reasoning and logic.
Control
Comparison group that does not change the I.V.
What is a good number of repeated trials to have?
Five.
What was the I.V. in the grape lab?
The peeled grapes.
What was the D.V. in the grape lab?
Whether the grapes floated or not.
Name five constants from the grape lab?
- The solution which the grapes are in.
- The number of grapes.
- Size and type of cup.
- Temperature of room.
- Type of grape.
What was the control group in the grape lab?

(for level of treatment)
The unpeeled grapes.
What was the experimental group in the grape lab?

(for level of treatment)
The peeled grapes.
What should a good title look like?
The effect of _______ (the I.V.) on ________ (D.V.)

(but for grape lab: The Effect of Sprite on Peeled and Unpeeled Grapes)
What is a good hypothesis for the grape lab?
The carbonation will cause the unpeeled grapes to float and the peeled grapes will absorb the solution and sink.