Bio Flashcards #2

Front 1

Monomer

Back 1

A molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer

Front 2

RNA

Back 2

A nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic information

Front 3

Nucleotide

Back 3

A compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA

Front 4

Fatty Acids

Back 4

A carboxylic acid consisting of a hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxyl group, esp. any of those occurring as esters in fats and oils

Front 5

Cholesterol

Back 5

A compound of the sterol type found in most body tissues, including the blood and the nerves.

Front 6

Polysaccharide

Back 6

A carbohydrate (e.g., starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together

Front 7

Nucleic Acid

Back 7

A complex organic substance present in living cells, esp. DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain

Front 8

Disaccharide

Back 8

Any of a class of sugars whose molecules contain two monosaccharide residues

Front 9

Lipid

Back 9

Any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids

Front 10

Pyrimidine

Back 10

Pyrimidine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound similar to benzene and pyridine, containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-member ring. It is isomeric with two other forms of diazine

Front 11

Cellulose

Back 11

An insoluble substance that is the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibers such as cotton. It is a polysaccharide consisting of chains of glucose monomers

Front 12

Purine

Back 12

A purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring. Purines, including substituted purines and their tautomers, are the most widely distributed kind of nitrogen-containing heterocycle in nature

Front 13

Amino Acid

Back 13

Organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group; "proteins are composed of various proportions of about 20 common amino acids"