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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Inference
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the act or process of deriving logical conclusion from permises known or assumed to be true
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Data
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observations and measurements made during an experiment
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Observation
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the act of noting and recording something, such as a phenomenon, with instruments
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Hypothesis
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suggested explaination to a problem or observation based upon known information
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Theory
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hypothesis that has been tested and supported by a great amount of edvidence over time
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Independant variable
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the factor that scientists change
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Dependant variable
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the observation to see how it repsonses to the change made by the independant variable
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Controlled experiment
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part within the experiment that is maintained without change in order to provide a conclusion of the experiment containing the variable
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Assumption
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something taken for granted or accepted as true without proof; a supposition
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Scientific Law
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a state of describing (but not explaining) a natural event or phenomenon
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Atom
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basic unit of matter
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Element
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substance consisting entirely of one type of atom
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Compound
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substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more element in definite proportions
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Amino Acid
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compound with an amino group (-NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end
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Protien
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macromole that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes
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Simple Sugar
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singlar sugar molecule
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Carbohydrate
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compound made up carbon, hyrdrogen and oxygen atoms; major sources of energy for the human body
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Monomer
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small unit that can join together with other small unit to form polymers
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Polymer
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large compound formed from combinations of many monomer
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Lipid
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macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hyrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
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Prokaryote
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an organism whose genetic material (DNA) is not enclosed by membranes to form a nucleus but lies free in the cytoplasm
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Eukaryote
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an organism whose genetic material (DNA) is enclosed by membranes (nuclear envelope) to form a nucleus
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Cell Wall
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A rigid wall surrounding the cells of bacteria and plants. They are made up of cellulose fibers.
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Cell
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the basic unit of structure of all living organisms
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Cell Theory
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the theory that all organisms are composed of cells and cell products and that growth and development results from divison and differentiation of cells
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Cell Membrane
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thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
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Organelle
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specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell
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Cytoplasm
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material inside the cell membrane but not including the nucleus
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Nucleus
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small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of ribosomes begins
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Bacteria
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domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglyeans
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Concentration
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the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume
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Diffusion
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process by which moleclues tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
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Selective Permebility
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property of biological membranes that allows only certain substances to pass through them
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Osmosis
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diffusion of water through a selectively permeabile membrane
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Facilitated Diffusion
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movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels
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Active Transport
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energy requring process that moves material acriss a cell membrane against a concentration difference
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Endocytosis
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process by which a cell taken material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane
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Phagocytosis
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process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell
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Exocytosis
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process by which a cell releases large amounts of materials
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Cell Specialization
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separate roles for each type of cell in multicelluar organism
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