Bio Flash Cards

Front 1

Inference

Back 1

the act or process of deriving logical conclusion from permises known or assumed to be true

Front 2

Data

Back 2

observations and measurements made during an experiment

Front 3

Observation

Back 3

the act of noting and recording something, such as a phenomenon, with instruments

Front 4

Hypothesis

Back 4

suggested explaination to a problem or observation based upon known information

Front 5

Theory

Back 5

hypothesis that has been tested and supported by a great amount of edvidence over time

Front 6

Independant variable

Back 6

the factor that scientists change

Front 7

Dependant variable

Back 7

the observation to see how it repsonses to the change made by the independant variable

Front 8

Controlled experiment

Back 8

part within the experiment that is maintained without change in order to provide a conclusion of the experiment containing the variable

Front 9

Assumption

Back 9

something taken for granted or accepted as true without proof; a supposition

Front 10

Scientific Law

Back 10

a state of describing (but not explaining) a natural event or phenomenon

Front 11

Atom

Back 11

basic unit of matter

Front 12

Element

Back 12

substance consisting entirely of one type of atom

Front 13

Compound

Back 13

substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more element in definite proportions

Front 14

Amino Acid

Back 14

compound with an amino group (-NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end

Front 15

Protien

Back 15

macromole that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes

Front 16

Simple Sugar

Back 16

singlar sugar molecule

Front 17

Carbohydrate

Back 17

compound made up carbon, hyrdrogen and oxygen atoms; major sources of energy for the human body

Front 18

Monomer

Back 18

small unit that can join together with other small unit to form polymers

Front 19

Polymer

Back 19

large compound formed from combinations of many monomer

Front 20

Lipid

Back 20

macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hyrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes

Front 21

Prokaryote

Back 21

an organism whose genetic material (DNA) is not enclosed by membranes to form a nucleus but lies free in the cytoplasm

Front 22

Eukaryote

Back 22

an organism whose genetic material (DNA) is enclosed by membranes (nuclear envelope) to form a nucleus

Front 23

Cell Wall

Back 23

A rigid wall surrounding the cells of bacteria and plants. They are made up of cellulose fibers.

Front 24

Cell

Back 24

the basic unit of structure of all living organisms

Front 25

Cell Theory

Back 25

the theory that all organisms are composed of cells and cell products and that growth and development results from divison and differentiation of cells

Front 26

Cell Membrane

Back 26

thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Front 27

Organelle

Back 27

specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell

Front 28

Cytoplasm

Back 28

material inside the cell membrane but not including the nucleus

Front 29

Nucleus

Back 29

small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of ribosomes begins

Front 30

Bacteria

Back 30

domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglyeans

Front 31

Concentration

Back 31

the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume

Front 32

Diffusion

Back 32

process by which moleclues tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated

Front 33

Selective Permebility

Back 33

property of biological membranes that allows only certain substances to pass through them

Front 34

Osmosis

Back 34

diffusion of water through a selectively permeabile membrane

Front 35

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 35

movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels

Front 36

Active Transport

Back 36

energy requring process that moves material acriss a cell membrane against a concentration difference

Front 37

Endocytosis

Back 37

process by which a cell taken material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane

Front 38

Phagocytosis

Back 38

process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell

Front 39

Exocytosis

Back 39

process by which a cell releases large amounts of materials

Front 40

Cell Specialization

Back 40

separate roles for each type of cell in multicelluar organism