Bio. Final Review

Front 1

Hypothesis

Back 1

Scientific explanation for a set of observations that can be tested in ways that support or reject it.

Front 2

Homeostasis

Back 2

All living organisms expend energy to keep conditions inside their cells within certain limits.

Front 3

Dependent Variable

Back 3

Changes in the response to the independent variable.

Front 4

Independent Variable

Back 4

Deliberately changed

Front 5

Observation

Back 5

The act of noticing and describing events or processess in a careful, orderly way.

Front 6

Control

Back 6

Exposed to the same conditions as the experimental group except for one indep. variable.

Front 7

Adhesion

Back 7

An attraction between molecules of different substances.

Front 8

Solution

Back 8

Type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed.

Front 9

Suspension

Back 9

Mixture of water and nondissolved material.

Front 10

Catalyst

Back 10

Subsatnce that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.

Front 11

Prokaryote

Back 11

Unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus.

Front 12

Eukaryote

Back 12

Organism whose cell contains a nucleus.

Front 13

Selectively Permeable

Back 13

Property of biological membranes that allow some substances to pass across it while others can not.

Front 14

Golgi Apparatus

Back 14

Organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic reticulum for storeage in the cell or release outside the cell.

Front 15

Vacuole

Back 15

Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Front 16

Nucleus

Back 16

In cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA.

Front 17

Cell Wall

Back 17

Strong, supporting layer around the cell membrane in some cell's.`

Front 18

Cell Membrane

Back 18

Thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

Front 19

Lysosme

Back 19

Cell organelle that breaks down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can used by the rest of the cell.

Front 20

Diffusion

Back 20

Process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated.

Front 21

Osmosis

Back 21

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

Front 22

Hypotonic

Back 22

When comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes.

Front 23

Anaerobic

Back 23

Process that does not require oxygen.

Front 24

NADP+

Back 24

(nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) Carrier molecule that transfers high-energy electrons from chorophyll to other molecules.

Front 25

Photosynthesis

Back 25

Process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light enegry and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energry-rich carbo's such as sugars and strarches.

Front 26

Cellular Raspiration

Back 26

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Front 27

Chromosome

Back 27

the thread like structure in the nucleus that contains genetic information

Front 28

Sexual reproduction

Back 28

type of reproducttion in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism

Front 29

interphase

Back 29

period of a cell cycle between cell division

Front 30

mitosis

Back 30

part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucluas divids

Front 31

stem cell

Back 31

unspecialized cell that can give rise one or more tupes of specialized cells

Front 32

heterozygous

Back 32

having to different alleles for a particular gene

Front 33

codominance

Back 33

sitiution in which the phenotypes produced by both alleses are completely expressed

Front 34

haploid

Back 34

term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of jeans

Front 35

diploid

Back 35

term used to refer to a cell that contains two sets of homologous chromosomes

Front 36

meiosis

Back 36

a process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the seperation of the homologous chromosomes in a dipliod cell

Front 37

biogeography

Back 37

study of past and present distribution of organisms

Front 38

nucleotide

Back 38

sub unit of which nucleic acids are composed made up of a 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Front 39

base pairing

Back 39

principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine

Front 40

mitosis

Back 40

part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucluas divids

Front 41

stem cell

Back 41

unspecialized cell that can give rise one or more tupes of specialized cells

Front 42

heterozygous

Back 42

having to different alleles for a particular gene

Front 43

codominance

Back 43

sitiution in which the phenotypes produced by both alleses are completely expressed

Front 44

haploid

Back 44

term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of jeans

Front 45

diploid

Back 45

term used to refer to a cell that contains two sets of homologous chromosomes

Front 46

meiosis

Back 46

a process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the seperation of the homologous chromosomes in a dipliod cell

Front 47

biogeography

Back 47

study of past and present distribution of organisms

Front 48

nucleotide

Back 48

sub unit of which nucleic acids are composed made up of a 5 carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Front 49

base pairing

Back 49

principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine