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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The lymphatic system is an open system which gathers liquid from body tissues as it seeps out at the capillaries and returns the fluid to the cardiovascular system?
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True.
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Adh is secreted via the rennin antiotensim angiotensin I-angiotensin II system.
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False
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Myocardium produces its own impulses at a pacemaker region.
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True
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Ventricles relax at diastole?
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True
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A voltage-gated ion channel will open or close if enough oxygen occupies the lungs and causes diffusion of nitrogen upon exhalation.
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False
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Sympathetic axons leave the top and bottom of the spinal cord.
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True
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Parasympathetic axons come off of the brain and lead to the top of the spinal cord.
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False
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A single neuron transits impulses away from the cell body.
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False
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Hormones from ductless glands do not need rceptors on organs or tissues in order ot cause and effect.
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flase
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Polypeptice hormones are composed of chains of amino acids that are between 500 and 1000 anino acids.
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False
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Any organ that secretes a hormone into the blood is part of the endocrine system.
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True
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Macrophages kill cells by engulfing the ones presenting the appropriate antigen.
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True..
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MHC proteins are found on all nucleated cells in the body, identifying it to the body as self.
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True
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Antibodies are produced by erythrocytes and coat cells which are killed by natural killer cells.
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False
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Erythrocytes contain hemoglobin and serve in oxygen transport.
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True.
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Baroreceptors respond to a change in which of the following?
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Blood pressure
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Which of the following are involved in blood clotting?
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Thrombocytes.
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Which of the following is more highly concentrated inside the cell?
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Potassium(k+).
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In which of the following does an impulse travel faster than one in continuos fashion?
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Salator conduction
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Which of the following glands are connected to epithelium by ducts?
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Endocrine glands.
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Which of the following produce specific antibodies?
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Lymphocytes.
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The vertebrate body includes a long tube that travels from one end to the other and is suspended within an internal body cavity called?
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COELEM
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Groups of cells similar in structure and function are organized into?
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TISSUES
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Are body structures composed of several different tissues grouped together into a structural and functional unit.
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ORGANS
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Include membranes that cover all body surfaces and glands.
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epithelial tissues
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Those glands that lose their connections with the epithelium frm which they were derived and secrete homones into the blood are called
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ENDOCRINE GLANDS.
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Are derived from mesoderm and occur in many different forms which pssoess abundant extracelluar material.
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CONNECTIVE TISSUES
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Fibroblasts secrete ____ and other fibrous proteins.
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COLLAGEN
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Bone cells, or ____ remain alive even though the extracellular matrix becomes hardened with crystals of calcium phosphate.
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OSTEROCYES
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Blood is classified as a connective tissue because it contains cells and abundant extracellular material , the fluid called
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PLASMA
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Provides for movement of the vetebrated body ad of materials within the body.
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MUSCLE TISSUE
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Are specialized cells that receive, produce and conduct electrical signals.
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NEURONS
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The body of humans and other mammals contains a cavity divided byh the diaphragm into thoreacic and
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ADDOMINAL CAVITIES
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Which of the following is not one of the principal kinds of tissues in vertebrates?
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CARTILAGE
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Which of the following are the fundamental emroyonic tissues called the germ layers?
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ENDODERM MESODERM ECTODERM
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The glands of vertebrate are derived from?
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INVAGINATED EPITHELIUM
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Calluses are produced with an increase in abrasion as the stratified squamous epithelial cells of the skin are deposited with and increasing amount of a wear- resistant protein called?
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KERATIN
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If the connection between the gland and the epithelial membrane is maintained as a duct, the gland is called?
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EXOCRINE GLAND
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Defensive cells are found in which connective tissue?
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BLOOD
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The characteristic that makes the muscle cells unique is the relative abundance and organization of?
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ACTIN AND MYOSIN FIBERS.
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Are the specialized cells to produce and conduct electrochemical impulses are called.
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NEURONS
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____ and ______ are both known as striated muscles.
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SKELETAL AND CARDIAC
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Bone cells are called?
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OSTEOCYTES
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Muscles are involuntary
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CARDIAC AND SMOOTH
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In addition to motor and sensory neurons the nerve tissue contains?
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GLIAL CELLS
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The nucleus of a neuron is contained in the.
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CELL BODY
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Transports cells and dissolved materials throughout the body.
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CIRCULATORY
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Removes foreign bodies from the bloodstream fights infection.
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IMMUNE
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Receives stimuli intergrates information and directs the body.
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NERVOUS
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Captures oxygen and exchange gases.
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RESPIRATORY
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Removes metabolic wastes from the bloodstream
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URINARY
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Invertebrate locomotion results from the contraction of muscles anchored to?
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BONE
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During muscle contraction calcium ions bind to?
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TROPONIN.
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The chemical released by somatic motor neurons in skeletal muscle contraction is?
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ACETYLCHOLINE
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Villi and microvilli are found in the?
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small intestine
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The production of bile salts to emulsify fates is performed in which organ?
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LIVER.
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The low ph of the stomach helps to?
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DENAUTURES FOOD PROTEINS, MAKING IT EASIER TO DIGEST.
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A series of sensory organs(cilia) that project into a canal beneath the surface of the skin which enables bony fish to detect motionless objects at a distance by the movement of h2o of the object (serves as hearing ) are known as ?
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OSSIFICATION
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_____ and ______Are the two critical steps on the path leading to the evolution of humans exhibited by hominids.
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BISPEDALISM AND LAGER BRAIN
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_____ were the first hominids to evolve.
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AUSTRALOPITHECINES
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Is not a function of the epithelium.
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ATP PRODUCTION
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Is a process in which amino acid and lactic acid are converted to glucose.
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ABSORPTION
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The strongly hydrochloric acid present in the denatures proteins and activated pepsin, a protein digesting enzyme.
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Gastric Juice
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Most digestion occurs in the first 25 c of the 6-meter length of the small intestine called.
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DUODENUM
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The mixture of partially digested food and gastric juice is called
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CHYME
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The epithelial wall of the small intestine is covered with tiny fingerlike projections called.
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VILLI
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Because of the hepatic portal vein, the _____ is the first organ to receive most of the products of digestion
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LIVER
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The products of fat digestion in the small intestine are reassemble into triglycerides by the intestinal epithelium before combining them with proteins to form.
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CHYLOMICRONS
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The pancreas secretes enzymes ______ that neutralizes HCI and hormones
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BIRCARBONATE
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In addition to producing _____ that aids in digestion the liver also regulates blood composition.
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BILE
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In horses, rodents and logomorths, the digestion of cellulose by microorganisms takes place in the
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CECCUM
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Is not a part of the gastrointestinal tract.
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LARNX
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The activities of the characteristics layered structured of the tubular gastrointestinal tract is regulated by nerves in certain regions located in the submuscosa. These regions are called?
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PLEXUSES
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All OF THE FOLLOWING ARE FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETON?
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SUPPORT AND PROTECITON, CALCUIM HOMEOSTASIS, LEVERS FOR THE FORCE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE CONTRACTION, BLOOD CELL FORMATION
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MAMMALS CALLED RUMINANTS (COW) CONSUME GRASS AND OTHER VEGETATION, HAVE STOMACHS WITH MULTIPLE CHAMBERS WHERE BACTERIA AID IN THE DIGESTION OF?
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CELLULOSE.
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A SERIES OF SENSORY ORGANS (CILIA) THAT PROJECT INTO A CANAL BENEATH THE SURFACE OF THE SKIN WHICH ENABLES BONY FISH TO DETECT MOTIONLESS OBJECTS AT A DISTANCE BY THE MOVEMENT OF h2o OF THE OBJECT (SERVES AS HEARING) ARE KNOWN AS.?
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A LATERAL LINE SYSTEM
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Allelic changes in a population of organisms which leads to progressive changes form simple to complex based on natural selection is known as?
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Micro evolution
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Which agent of evolutionary change is the only one which produces adaptive changes which depend on the nature of the environment?
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Selection
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Certain bacteria are able to withstand environmental stress and resist desiccation and heat by forming?
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Endosperms.
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Bacteria are important in that they play a major positive role in each of the following area’s except?
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Phage conversion
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Archaea contains all of the following components except?
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Peptidoglycan
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Which of the followings key feature is pigmentation?
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Algae
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Which of the following moves by way of pseudopods?
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Amoeba
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Which of the following moves as a giant mass of protoplasm?
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Plasmodia slime molds
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Micro evolution is progressive changes in gene frequency?
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True
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Over exploitation
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whales
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Disruption of ecological relationships?
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Black footed ferrets
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Habitat loss and fragmentation?
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prairie chickens
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Antigen genes shuffled in ducks which are not affected by the virus
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Influenza
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Loss of genetic variation?
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songbirds
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Produces many commonly used antibiotics.
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Actinomycetes
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Line the digestive tracts of animals
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enterobacteria
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conjunctivitis
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chlamydia trachomatius –
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Transmitted by and insect vector
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rickettsia typhi-
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Normal floral oraginsm including e coli
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enterobacteria
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Rickettsias and chlamydias –
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intracellular parasites
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antibiotics producers
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actinomycetes-
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Pseudocolemates worms w/a gut tube open at both ends
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nematode-
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Bilaterally symmetrical acoelmates
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Playthelmimthes –
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centipedes
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chilopoda
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Function as fangs or pincers
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chelicerae.
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