Bio Final Exam Part 2

Front 1

Which of the following is true regarding cell membrane proteins?

Back 1

all are free to float laterally through the bilayer

Front 2

the organelle that pinches off portions of its membrane to form a compartment used for storage or transport is the

Back 2

dictyosome

Front 3

the fluid filled sac that may store food, acids, vitamins, ions, or water in plant cells and is involved in fluid

Back 3

central vacuole

Front 4

the golgi apparatus packages materials into _______ for transport or export

Back 4

vesicles

Front 5

the stacks of coin shaped (mint-like) double membranes found in chloroplasts are

Back 5

grana

Front 6

proteins function in the cell for

Back 6

-energy storage
-structure
-enzymes

Front 7

what is the meaning of the term "prokaryotic"?

Back 7

before the nucleus

Front 8

_____ can readily diffuse across a lipid bilayer

Back 8

oxygen and carbon dioxide

Front 9

what happened to your dads mitochondria that kept you from getting some of them?

Back 9

they fell off with the flagellum

Front 10

the phospholipds and cholesterol that are used to form membranes are synthesized in the:

Back 10

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Front 11

Which organelle below is capable of producing its own protein since it has its own ribosomes?

Back 11

chloroplasts

Front 12

when a protein permanently loses its characteristic three-dimensional structure, it is said to be

Back 12

denatured

Front 13

if lysosomes bursts inside a cell, the immediate result is likely to be:

Back 13

the cell will be digested from within

Front 14

four of the five items listed below are organelles found in eukaryotic cells. select the exception

Back 14

nuceoid

Front 15

the largest double-membrane bound organelle is called the:

Back 15

nucleus

Front 16

the system of canals, tubes, and sacs that transports molecules inside the cytoplasm is the

Back 16

endoplasmic reticulum

Front 17

the RNA in the nucleus leaves through

Back 17

nuclear pores

Front 18

resolution (the smallest detail it can see or resolve) by the best light microscope is ultimately limited by:

Back 18

the wavelength of the light

Front 19

not all substances can cross the cell membrane, for this reason, the cell membrane is said to be

Back 19

selectively permeable

Front 20

modern cell theory states that

Back 20

-all cells arise from preexisting cells
-all living things are made of cells
-cells are the basic units of life
-(all of the above)

Front 21

the cell wall:

Back 21

provides physical support for plant cells

Front 22

what is the fate of defective or malfunctioning organelles in cells?

Back 22

the are broken down by lysosomal digestive enzymes

Front 23

organelles involved in the synthesis of steroids and other lipids in gland cells are

Back 23

smoothe e.r.

Front 24

four of the five structures listed below are composed of membranes. select the exception

Back 24

chromosome

Front 25

which of the following is / are not required for cell function since prokaryotes do not have them?

Back 25

DNA

Front 26

the segment of DNA molecule describing one particular protein is referred to as a

Back 26

gene

Front 27

which of these is not found in the nucleus?

Back 27

functioning ribosomes

Front 28

which of the following structures is not associated with chloroplasts?

Back 28

cristae

Front 29

organelle that transfers energy from organic compounds (sugar) to ATP:

Back 29

mitochondria

Front 30

organelles ______.

Back 30

-are membranes
-are typical of eukaryotic cells, not prokaryotic cells
-separate chemical reactions in time and space
-are descrete, recognizable bodies in cytoplasm
-(all of the above are features of organelles)

Front 31

nucleotides can contain any one of _____ nitrogenous bases.

Back 31

three

Front 32

which is the organelle with cristae?

Back 32

mitochondria

Front 33

vesicles pinched off from the ER most likely are on their way to the

Back 33

golgi body

Front 34

the fluid behavior of the plasma membrane as we saw in the class video clip results primarily from the ______.

Back 34

flexibility of the lipid components.

Front 35

inside the nuclear envelope the DNA maybe found in the form of fine diffuse strands is called

Back 35

chromatin

Front 36

a human liver cell and a parenchyma cell from the cortex of a root are both put in a beaker of distilled water. what will probably happen?

Back 36

the liver cell will swell and may even burst; the parenchyma cell will become very turgid

Front 37

viruses, bacteria, and old organelles that a cell ingests are broken down by enzymes transported in:

Back 37

lysosomes

Front 38

microfilaments and microtubules

Back 38

function in cell structure and movement

Front 39

nucleic acids confined to the nucleus or nucleoid indirectly

Back 39

direct protein synthesis out in the cytoplasm

Front 40

which of the following would NOT be found in one of your liver cells?

Back 40

central vacuole

Front 41

for diffusion to occur in a given direction, there must be

Back 41

a gradient

Front 42

in eukaryotic cells the cytoskeleton

Back 42

extends between the nucleus and the plasma membrane

Front 43

the part of the cell that regulates movement of substances into and out of the cell is the

Back 43

cell membrane

Front 44

all cell membranes and organelle membranes consist of two phospholipid layers called a

Back 44

lipid bilayer

Front 45

what is a role of proteins found in eukaryotic plasma membranes:

Back 45

regulating the flow of materials through the membrane

Front 46

which of the following organelles is correctly matched with its function?

Back 46

gogi bodies: packaging

Front 47

which is the correct sequence of polypeptide transport in the secretory (releasing secretions) pathway?

Back 47

ribosome >> ER >> golgi bodies >> plasma membrane

Front 48

cell turgor pressure is increased when the cell is transferred to an external medium having:

Back 48

a higher concentration of water than the cell

Front 49

the capacity of a cell to exhibit movement or mobility is generally attributed to which cellular component?

Back 49

microtubules

Front 50

cystic fibrosis:

Back 50

is the most common fatal genetic disorder in the united states

Front 51

which of the following structures would probably be least damaged by a fat- or lipid- dissolving solvent?

Back 51

cell wall

Front 52

plants need these resources to carry on phtosynthesis

Back 52

carbon dioxide and water

Front 53

cyclic phtophosphorylation is called because

Back 53

an electron leaving a chlorophyll molecule returns to it

Front 54

which is the best general description of photosynthesis?

Back 54

it uses light, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugars.

Front 55

the oxygen released during photosynthesis come from:

Back 55

water

Front 56

hydrolysis

Back 56

splitting

Front 57

mitochondrium

Back 57

thread-like

Front 58

chloroplast

Back 58

green

Front 59

chromosome

Back 59

body

Front 60

polymer

Back 60

unit

Front 61

a leaf looks green because

Back 61

leaf pigments reflect green light

Front 62

the end products of noncyclic photophosphorylation are:

Back 62

O2, ATP, NADPH

Front 63

the main function of cyclic photophosphoylation (photosystem 1) in photosynthesis is to:

Back 63

produce ATP

Front 64

the net movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration is described by which of the following?

Back 64

diffusion

Front 65

photolysis is best described as the

Back 65

splitting of water molecules

Front 66

what is the source of the chemical energy that most cells on earth rely on?

Back 66

photosynthesis

Front 67

in what form do plants store the energy captured by photosynthesis

Back 67

sugars

Front 68

ATP is made during movement of electrons through the electron transport chain via a process called

Back 68

phosphorylation

Front 69

where in the process of photosynthesis is oxygen gas produced?

Back 69

during light capture

Front 70

the type of chlorophyll usually most abundant in the chloroplasts of higher plants is

Back 70

chlorophyll a

Front 71

the end products of the electron transport chains of photosynthesis light reactions are

Back 71

ATP and NADPH

Front 72

most carbon enters the web of life through

Back 72

photosynthesis

Front 73

the light dependent (photophosphorylation) reactions occur in the:

Back 73

grana

Front 74

oxygen produced during photosynthesis:

Back 74

escapes as a gas into the atmosphere

Front 75

most of the photosynthesis in the world takes place

Back 75

in the waters of the earth

Front 76

the secondary cell wall in plants adds

Back 76

rigidity to the cell

Front 77

those proteins which act as catalysts for biochemical reactions are called

Back 77

enzymes

Front 78

which of the following consists of a nonliving substance?

Back 78

cell wall

Front 79

protein fibers in the cytoplasm maintain the three-dimensional structure of animal cells

Back 79

cytoskeleton

Front 80

cilia and flagella are most similar in

Back 80

their internal composistion and structure

Front 81

water constantly moves into the freshwater protistan paramecium because the cell is ______ relative to its environment

Back 81

hypertonic

Front 82

a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is an example of ______.

Back 82

phagocytosis

Front 83

which organelle releases oxygen?

Back 83

chloroplast

Front 84

movement of a molecule against a concentration gradient is:

Back 84

active transport

Front 85

the cell theory state

Back 85

all living things consist of cells

Front 86

which of the following is directly involved with the process of cellular repiration?

Back 86

mitochondria

Front 87

organisms whose cells always or usually contain a nucleus or nuclei are called

Back 87

eukaryotic

Front 88

a gap juntion

Back 88

connects the cytoplasm of two cells

Front 89

in reference to diffusion. "passive" really means;

Back 89

no ATP energy is required

Front 90

cells with high energy requirements, such as muscle (as in a hummingbird), tend to have many

Back 90

mitochondira

Front 91

a prokaryote has

Back 91

a cell membrane

Front 92

what are cilia?

Back 92

short, eyelash-like projections from the cell membrane that provide for a locomotion

Front 93

plasmodesmata are cell juntions that are similar in function to:

Back 93

gap junctions in animal cells

Front 94

nuclear pores occur

Back 94

both in eukaryotic plant and animal cells

Front 95

a major difference between plant cell mitosis and animal cell mitosis is the absence in plant cells of:

Back 95

centrioles

Front 96

a cell functions to make fingure nailes, claws, horns, and hair would be filled with

Back 96

intermediate filaments

Front 97

what cellular process is involved in inward sinking of a small patch of membrane to form a cytoplasmic vesicle?

Back 97

endocytosis

Front 98

plasma membranes incorporate ____.

Back 98

-transport proteins
-recognition proteiins
-adhesion proteins
-receptor proteins
-(all of the above)

Front 99

which of the following organelles contains its (their) own DNA, which suggests they were once independent prokaryotes?

Back 99

mitochondria and chloroplasts

Front 100

which membrane component is involved in cystic fibrosis?

Back 100

transport protein