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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define: autosomes
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22 pairs out of the 23 chromosomes are autosomes. The other pair of chromosomes are sex chromosomes.
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define: sex chromosomes
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only one pair out of the 23 pairs of chromosomes are sex characteristics. The other 22 pairs are normal chromosomes.
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define: sex-linked
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Traits controlled by genes on the sex chromosomes are said to be SEX-LINKED
-Sex-linked traits are controlled by genes on the sex chromosomes |
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define: X-linked
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an allele on an X chromosome is X-LINKED.
-found on X-chromosomes -Most sex-linked traits -No matching gene on the Y -Most X-linked disorders are RECESSIVE |
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X-Linked Recessive Disorders
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-Red-Green Colorblindness
-Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy -Fragile X syndrome -Hemophilia -More males than females are affected -An affected son can have parents who have the normal phenotype -For a female to have a characteristic, her father must also have it. Her mother must have it or be a carrier, -The characteristic often skips a generation from the grandfather to the grandson -If a woman has the characteristic, all of her sons will have it. |
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Explain: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
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-Abnormal muscle in muscular dystrophy caused by lack of dystrophin
-RECESSIVE DISORDER |
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Describe: Color blindness
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-X-linked RECESSIVE disorder
--8% of Caucasian men have red-green colorblindness - |
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Fragile X syndrome
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-caused by an abnormal number of repeat sequences in the genome and is the most common cause of inherited mental impairment.
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