Bio Final Exam

Front 1

A change in the number of electrons in an atom changes the electrical charge of the atom such charged atoms are called:

Back 1

ions

Front 2

What is the most abundant type of lipid in cells membranes?

Back 2

phospholipids

Front 3

What isn't an element?

Back 3

water

Front 4

Carbon has 6 protons. How many covalent bonds can it form?

Back 4

4

Front 5

A triglyceride is formed from glycerol and ____ fatty acids

Back 5

three

Front 6

___ are long-chain fatty acids attached to long-chain alcohols

Back 6

waxes

Front 7

Hydolysis is a ___ reaction.

Back 7

cleavage

Front 8

The control group in an experiment

Back 8

allows a standard of comparison for the experimental group

Front 9

Animals store their excess carbohydrates in the form of

Back 9

glycogen

Front 10

This bug can stand on water due to

Back 10

-surface tension
-hydrogen bonding
-cohesion
-(all of these)

Front 11

The validity of scientific discoveries cannot be based on

Back 11

-aesthetics
-morality
-economics
-philosophy
-(any of these)

Front 12

The smallest organizational unit having a capacity to survive and reproduce on its own is

Back 12

a cell

Front 13

which gas contributes to your intestinal fortitude?

Back 13

methane

Front 14

water molecules tend to stick to each other because of:

Back 14

hydrogen bonds

Front 15

using the octet rule, figure out how many electrons chlorine (atomic number = 17, atomic weight = 35) has in its outer most orbit?

Back 15

7

Front 16

glycogen, cellulose, and starch are composed entirely of ____ subunits

Back 16

glucose

Front 17

the nucleus of an atom usually contains:

Back 17

protons and neutrons

Front 18

which type of lipid is most important in biological membranes?

Back 18

phospholipids

Front 19

the hereditary material that is present in all cells is

Back 19

DNA

Front 20

in the intro class, we stressed attention to word roots. what is the english word for these word roots; pod, ped, pus?

Back 20

foot

Front 21

in unsaturated fats, fatty acid tails have one or more

Back 21

double covalent bonds

Front 22

copernicus, galileo, and darwin found that ____ caused their science to be controversial.

Back 22

prevailing belief

Front 23

during the intro class, you were asked to watch the news media for topics related to biology such as

Back 23

-IVF
-H5N1
-HIV
-stem cells
-(all of these)

Front 24

what bonds is easily disrupted or broken apart in aqueous (water) solutions?

Back 24

ionic

Front 25

an example of a steroid is

Back 25

testosterone

Front 26

of the four main atoms that make up your body (or living bodies) which of the following contributes the most (highest percentage) to your mass or weight?

Back 26

oxygen

Front 27

plants retrieve or draw glucose from stored ____ when sugar is in short supply with in plant cells

Back 27

amylose

Front 28

Which of the following would be the least reactive

Back 28

an atom with a filled outer energy level

Front 29

H-O-H represents that this molecule is

Back 29

polar bonded

Front 30

science is based on

Back 30

evidence

Front 31

glycine and cysteine are two amino acids. at which part of the molecule do they differ?

Back 31

at their r group

Front 32

which type of molecule below helps keep cellular fluid and blood pH near a value of 7

Back 32

buffers

Front 33

all ____ have a rigid backbone of four fused-together carbon rings

Back 33

steroids

Front 34

the word evolution means ____.

Back 34

to turn or change

Front 35

which of the following is not an organic molecule?

Back 35

water

Front 36

when two atoms combine with the sharing of a pair of electrons, the bond is termed

Back 36

covalent

Front 37

lactose is a disaccharide of glucose and galactose, and its digestion requires the actions of the enzyme lactase. if the lactose is taken in as part of the diet, but not digested by lactase, this sugar is then metabolized by bacteria in the intestine, leading to symptoms of lactose intolerance. lactose intolerance, therefore, results from

Back 37

a lack of hydrolysis of lactose

Front 38

the functional group of an organic acid may be called the

Back 38

caboxyl

Front 39

radioactive isotopes are useful biological tools that are often used in PET scans to

Back 39

detect brain tumors

Front 40

the term "macro-" is in macromolecule means:

Back 40

large

Front 41

organic compounds always contain

Back 41

carbon

Front 42

which of the following is not a key characteristic of "life."

Back 42

inability to change

Front 43

a --COOH group is a(n) ___ group

Back 43

acid

Front 44

which of the following is NOT used in the development of science?

Back 44

personal conviction

Front 45

what kind of reaction produces large molecules by linking small molecules?

Back 45

dehydration

Front 46

which of these components of a tossed salad will pass through the human digestive tract with the least digestion?

Back 46

cellulose (in lettuce leave)

Front 47

dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis are accomplished or speed up in cells by

Back 47

the action of enzymes

Front 48

large biological molecules are synthesized by removed

Back 48

water

Front 49

sucrose is formed from fructose and glucose by

Back 49

dehydration synthesis

Front 50

atoms joined together by chemical bonds are called

Back 50

molecules

Front 51

when glucose is in short supply, plants wll quickly hydrolyze

Back 51

starch

Front 52

oils are

Back 52

liquid at room temperature and unsaturated fats

Front 53

people who use sterol creams or lotions should not touch children or the opposite sex partner while that lotion is freshly applied

Back 53

these compounds can pass easily through skin

Front 54

which represents the highest degree of certainty?

Back 54

theory

Front 55

atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons (different mass numbers) are called

Back 55

isotopes

Front 56

of the following, which is the first explanation of a problem in thinking of scientists?

Back 56

hypothesis

Front 57

polyunsaturated fats

Back 57

have less hydrogen atoms than do saturated fats

Front 58

which of the following are lipds

Back 58

-triglycerides
-oils
-waxes
-sterols
-(all of these)

Front 59

which functional group is found in glucose?

Back 59

hydroxyl (alcohol) group

Front 60

You go to the store and buy some lard or margerine for cooking. you notice when you get home that the lard or margerine is solid at room temperature. what does this tell you about the fats in them?

Back 60

the lard is composed of saturated fats

Front 61

which of the following includes all of the others?

Back 61

carbohydrates

Front 62

ions are produced when atoms gain or lose ___.

Back 62

electrons

Front 63

four of the five answers listed below are acidic (pH below 7). select the exception

Back 63

soap

Front 64

when a bond mark like this (-) show between to atoms in a chemical molecule, the (-) indicates

Back 64

a pair of shared electrons

Front 65

any macromolecule may be composed of smaller units called

Back 65

monomers

Front 66

four of the five terms listed below are associated with the scientific method. select the exception

Back 66

faith

Front 67

in elements which of the following may not change or vary in number?

Back 67

protons

Front 68

the largest, most massive (weighs most) organ system of the human is the ______system

Back 68

integumentary

Front 69

the breakdown of large molecules by the enzymatic addition of water is what kind of reaction?

Back 69

hydrolysis

Front 70

an --OH group is a _____ group

Back 70

hydroxyl

Front 71

when you see this molecule: H-H figure in a test, the - in the figure represents a

Back 71

pair of electrons

Front 72

what determines how a protein functions?

Back 72

-its order of amino acids
-manner in which the chain is bending, sprialing or pleating
-the folding or winding into a knot of the entire chain
-(all of the above)

Front 73

a pure substance made up of only one kind of atom is

Back 73

an element

Front 74

many names for sugars in the suffix

Back 74

-ose

Front 75

a triglyceride is formed from glycerol and fatty acids by

Back 75

dehydration reactions

Front 76

chitin is a polysaccaharide with ____ atoms attached to the glucose backbone

Back 76

nitrogen

Front 77

all scientific facts are

Back 77

based on changeable evidence

Front 78

a compound that readily or easily releases H+ or protons is an

Back 78

acid

Front 79

a compound that readily releases
-OH is a

Back 79

base

Front 80

which of the following types of chemical bonds joins tow molecules of water?

Back 80

hydrogen

Front 81

what element is common in the earth's crust but rare in organisms

Back 81

silicon

Front 82

the bond in table salt (NaCl) is

Back 82

ionic

Front 83

which of the following will be the most reactive?

Back 83

an atom with an unfilled outer energy level

Front 84

the bonds that hold atoms together do so through the sharing or transfer of

Back 84

electrons

Front 85

bonds which result from a complete transfer of electrons are called

Back 85

ionic bonds

Front 86

atoms react with other atoms in specific, predictable fashions determined directly by their

Back 86

number of electrons in the outer-most orbit

Front 87

if a substance measures 7 on the pH scale, that substance

Back 87

has equal concentration of H+ and OH- ions

Front 88

elements are substances which consist of only one kind of

Back 88

atom

Front 89

electrons are shared in a ____ bond

Back 89

covalent

Front 90

long change of amino acids

Back 90

protein

Front 91

glycerol plus three fatty acids

Back 91

fat

Front 92

one or more sugar monomers

Back 92

carbohydrate

Front 93

glycerol, fatty acids and a phosphate

Back 93

phospholipid

Front 94

long chain of nucleotides

Back 94

DNA

Front 95

H-O-H represents a molecules of

Back 95

water