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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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transcription process |
one strand of dna one gene one gene one rna rna synthesis |
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translation process |
one rna one protein protein synthesis |
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structural differences between dna and rna |
rna- single stranded, short, many copies made, AGCU |
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how is transcription catalyzed? |
rna polymerase |
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what provides energy for rna polymerase helix unwinding? |
Ribonucleoside triphosphates |
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name for dna strand that gets copied into rna? |
template strand |
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the strand that does not get copied into rna? |
coding strand |
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what does rna polymerase do? |
start site where it binds |
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what is upstream from the start start site? |
the promoter. proteins and DNA polymerase are used here |
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what happens once rna polymerase binds to start site? |
unwinds dna double helix and starts reading detached strand |
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what happens before reaching stop site |
rna polymerase adds subunits using base pairing rules |
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what are the coding regions called in eukaryotes? |
exons |
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what are the non-coding regions called in euks? |
introns |
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new rna cannot free float in euks until the blanks are destroyed |
introns |
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what is another name for excision of introns? |
splicing |
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what performs intron splicing? |
enzymes |
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where does rna exit from and go to? |
exits from nucleus goes to ribosomes |
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rRNA |
ribosomal. reads genetic sequence messanger rna and translates into an amino acid sequence |
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trna |
provides amino acids |
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what is a codon and how long is it? |
three bases long and is code for a specific amino acid |
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how many amino acids are there? how many codons? |
20 a a, 64 codons |
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how does the ribosome read mrna |
ribosome binds to mrna. trna binds to mrna. |
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what is not carried in trna anti-codons? |
amino acid. this signals the end of the protein |
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codons are found in |
mrna |
