Bio Final

Front 1

Animals are

Back 1

Heterotrophic

Many celled

Motile

Front 2

Radial symmetry

Back 2

Move by water vascular system (think water balloon moving)

Think starfish

Front 3

Bilateral symmetry

Back 3

Can cut in half in be same on both sides

Many have their bodies divided into segments from head to tail.

Front 4

Arthropods are

Back 4

segmented

Front 5

Vertebrates

Back 5

have a backbone

Front 6

Invertebrates

Back 6

No backbone

Front 7

Cnidarians stages of life

Back 7

Think jelly fish

Egg, planula/larva, polyp, budding polyp, ephyra, medusa

Front 8

Notochord

Back 8

flexible rod just beneath the nerve cord

Front 9

Notochords are in

Back 9

all chordates

Front 10

Cardiovascular system parts

Back 10

blood, heart, vessels

Front 11

The most plentiful plasma protein

What does it do?

Back 11

Albumin

Maintains balance protein

Front 12

Function of veins

Back 12

carry blood from the tissues to the heart

Collect blood from the capillaries

Return it to the heart

Have very low pressure

Front 13

Function of arteries

Back 13

carry blood from the heart to the tissues

Front 14

Function of capillaries

Back 14

exchange between the blood and cells occurs

Front 15

components of blood

Back 15

plasma and water

Front 16

function of blood

Back 16

Transports molecules, cells

Ex. Oxygen, carbon dioxide, Nutrients, Waste products, Immune cells & antibodies, and Hormones

Front 17

normal blood flow through the heart is

Back 17

systemic

right atrium to right ventricle

left atrium to left ventricle

Front 18

systolic pressure

Back 18

Contraction of the ventricles increases the pressure arteries

Front 19

diastolic pressure

Back 19

Relaxation of the ventricles decreases the pressure arteries

Front 20

exercise and blood flow results

Back 20

the blood vessels in your muscles dilate and the blood flow is greater

ex. just as more water flows through a fire hose than through a garden hose

Front 21

purpose of valves in veins

Back 21

prevents backflow

Front 22

purpose of platelets

Back 22

Important in blood clotting

Collect at the site of a wound

Release clotting factors

Front 23

role of bronchioles as related to asthma

Back 23

The (small airways of the lung extending from the bronchi to the alveoli) become inflamed and constricted in asthma, causing breathing difficulties

Front 24

purpose of chewing related to enzyme action

Back 24

Contains salivary amylase which begins to break down starch

Front 25

primary function of large intestine

Back 25

To reabsorb water

Contains bacteria that utilize the undigested food

Some of these bacteria produce vitamins that we need.

Front 26

role of pancreas in carbohydrate digestion

Back 26

Digestive enzymes complete the chemical processing of food.

Enzymes break down carbohydrates, fats, proteins.

Bicarbonate ions neutralize the low pH of the food coming from the stomach.

Front 27

role of villus

Back 27

nutrient uptake

Front 28

role of nephron

Back 28

associated with kidneys

eliminating wastes

Front 29

purpose of microvilli

Back 29

expand surface area of organ

Front 30

primary large intestine function

Back 30

reabsorb water
Contains bacteria that utilize the undigested food

Some of these bacteria produce vitamins that we need

Front 31

where are proteins first digested in the body and by which enzyme?

Back 31

in the stomach by pepsin

Front 32

importance of surface area for many kinds of organs

Back 32

Allows digestive enzymes greater access to the fats

Front 33

positive vs. negative feedback

Back 33

positive: response to a stimulus results in a further increase in the stimulus

negative: important in making rapid adjustments

send messages by way of nerves

Front 34

homeostasis

Back 34

Maintaining a constant internal environment

Front 35

neuron

Back 35

Cell body or soma

Dendrites

Axons

Front 36

nerve

Back 36

Sensory nerves: carry information from sense organs to brain or spinal cord

Motor nerves: carry information from brain to muscles and glands

Front 37

synapse

Back 37

the small space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron

Front 38

how does a nerve cell membrane depolarize?

Back 38

Membrane becomes repolarized when potassium flows out of the cell

Front 39

acetylcholine

neurotransmitter and where it functions in the nerve

Back 39

the first neurotransmitter identified

Front 40

endocrine system

Back 40

collection of glands that communicate with one another and with body tissues through the release of hormones

Front 41

role of rods and cones in eye

Back 41

contain pigment molecules that are altered in light

Front 42

voluntary muscles

Back 42

Somatic nervous system

skeletal muscles

Front 43

involuntary muscles

Back 43

Autonomic nervous system

the heart, and glands

Front 44

actin and myosin roles in muscle contraction

Back 44

responsible for cell movement

Front 45

central nervous system parts

Back 45

medulla oblongata, spinal cord, brain

Front 46

peripheral nervous system parts

Back 46

sensory and motor nerves

Front 47

balance is achieved by what in the ear?

Back 47

Cerebellum receives information from sensory organs that involve balance

Get info from inner ear, eyes, pressure sensors in muscles and tendons

Front 48

The right atrium

Back 48

receives blood from the body

Front 49

The right ventricle

Back 49

pumps the blood to the lungs

Front 50

The left atrium

Back 50

receives blood from the lungs

Front 51

The left ventricle

Back 51

pumps blood to all other parts of the body

Front 52

sympathetic nervous system

Back 52

can be regulated by actions you do

Ex. over-stimulation of adrenaline release

Running (regulate by slowing down and resting)