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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Seven Symbiotic Relationships
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mutualism, commensalism, competition, parasitism, protocooperation, predation, amensalism,
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Example of Mutualism
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Termites and parasites that help them digest wood
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Example of Commensalism
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Human sitting under the shade of a tree
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Example of Competition
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Human and wolf hunting quails
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Example of Predation
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Lioness hunting anteloupe
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Example of Parasitism
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Lice on humans
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Example of Protocooperation
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Dog and human
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Example of Amensalism
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Human driving over puddle and killing tadpoles
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Development of Varicose Veins
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Tiny valves in legs that push blood back up leg burst from too much strain from standing too long and blood pools causing nasty, ugly veins!
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Process of Blood Clotting
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Platelets (pieces of cells in blood) secrete thromboplastin at the first sign of skin getting cut. The thromboplastin converts inactive prothrombin into active enzyme thrombin. The thrombin turns soluble fibrinogen into insoluble fibrin. Fibrin clots the blood!
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Ecosystem
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biological community and physical; affects all symbiotic relationships within
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Extant
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species that is still in existence
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Hinny
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Male horse (stallion) breeds with female donkey (jenny) to produce this infertile offspring
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Serum
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clotting agents (prothrombin and fibrinogen) removed from plasma
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Lymph
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clear part of blood that leaks out in capillaries and is collected by lymphnodes where it checks for bacteria and dumps back into blood
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Pharynx
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superior to esophagus, pharynx puts food into digestive system and air into respiratory system; houses the lymphnodes adenoids and tonsils
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Diastole
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heart fills with blood
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Population
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same species living at the same time in the same place; members of the same population have greatest chance of reproducing together
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anemia
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disorder in which low iron in blood leads to low red blood cell count; erythropoietin can be injected, in extreme cases, to increase red blood cell production
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leukemia
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cancer of blood or bone marrow that is characterized by abnormal increase in white blood cells
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the production of red blood cells
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erythropoiesis
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blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood
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arteries AND veins
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pigment in RBC's that hold oxygen
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hemoglobin
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blood vessels where oxygen is given up to tissues
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capillaries
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anticoagulant released by leeches
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hirundin
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condition when the heart's ventricles contract
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ventricular systole
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site of hematopoiese in body
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bone marrow
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two clusters of lymphnodes in pharynx
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adenoids and tonsils
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scientific name for all prion diseases
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spongiform encephalopathy
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condition in which blood does not clot
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hemophilia
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EPO
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erythropoietin is the hormone that controls RBC production; athletes have injected it to increase RBC count and oxygen therefore increasing athletic performance
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three circuits into which heart pumps blood
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systemic (heart to body to heart)
pulmonary (heart to lungs to heart) coronary (heart to heart muscle to heart) |
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prions? how do they negatively effect mammals?
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prions are protein infectious diseases; they are folded incorrectly and cause other proteins in neural cells to unfold as well causing the brain to take on sponge-like qualities
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prion disease in sheep
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scrapie
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prion disease in humans
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Kuru
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prion disease in cattle
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mad cow disease
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prion disease in deer
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chronic wasting disease
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system used to describe scientific names of species; who popularized? what century? what's a species?
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binomial system of nomenclature popularized by Carl von Linnaeus in 1700's; species is a biological classification in which members are able to reproduce fertile offspring (although sometimes they are classified by behavior as well)
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heart beat
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ventricles contract and bicuspid and tricuspid valve slam shut (lub) then semilunar valve (dub)
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trace the path of blood flow
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blood enters heart through superior and inferior vena cava, flows into right atrium, then tricuspid valve, then right ventricle, then semilunarvalve, then pulmonary artery, then to lungs, back through venuals, pulmonary vein, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aorta, to body
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