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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Are fungi autotrophes heterotrophes or photosynthetic
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heterotrophes
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What are exoenzymes
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They break down complex molecules into simpler compounds that fungi can absorb
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What are the ways that fungi get nutrition
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paracitic
mutualistic or they are decomposers |
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What are fungal cell walls made of
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chitin
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What do myclium do
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they surround and infultrate the food source that the fungi is eating
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What does the structure of the mycelium attempt to do
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increase the surface area
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what are the individual parts of the mycelium
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hyphae
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since the mycelium are non motal how do they find food
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they extend the tips of their hyphae
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What divides the hyphae into cells
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the septa
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What does it mean to be coenocytic
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this means that there are no septa and the hypae are one continuous thing with many nuclei
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What enables hypae to penetrate the tissue of hosts
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haustoria
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a mutualistic relationship between plant roots and fungi is called
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mycorrhizae
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What does each party benifit in a mycorrhizae relationship
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the fungus gains nutrients and the plant gains phosphate which it is not able to extract
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What is a Ectomycorrhizal fungi
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it forms sheaths of hyphae over the surface of a root and can grow into the extracellular spaces
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Which type of fungus pushes its hyphae into the root cell wall
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Endomycorrhizal fungi
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Are fungal hyphae and spores mostly haploid or diploid
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haploid
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What is a pheromone
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It is a sexual signaling molecule
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What is the fungal "compadibility test"
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When the pheromones land on the surface receptors the hypae extend and fuse with the pheromone to make sure it is compadible (not from the same animal or another genetically alike one)
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the union of cytoplasm of two parent mycelia is know as
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plasmogamy
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Do the nuclei fuse immeadiatly in fungi
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no sometime the nucli coexist with each other making a heterokaryon sometimes the fuse one from each parent to a cell called dikaryotic
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What is the stage when the parent cells fuse and the fungus is diploid
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karyogamy
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Do fungi reproduce asexually and how
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yes
the mitotic production of spores |
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How do fungi reproduce asexually
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either as molds or yeasts
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What is a fungi called when they have no known sexual stage
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a deutermycete or and imperfect fungi
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What are fungi most closely related to
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animals
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What links fungi and animals
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Flagalla
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What are opisthokonts
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the groups fungi andimals and their protistan relatives
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Do chytrids exibit mychorrizae
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no
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What makes chytrids unique
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they ave flagillated spores caled zoospores
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What is a zygosporangium
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it is the place where karyogomy and meiosis occur
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is a zoosporangium a zygote no
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it has multiple nuclei
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What happens when the zoosporangium freezes
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they are resistant to freezing
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What is unique about zygomycetes
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they are coenocytic and they reproduce asexually most of the time
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What is unique to microsporidia
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they do not have mitochondria
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How do microsporidia feed
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they are paracitic
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What is unique about glomeronycetes
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they have a very small population and they are arbuscular mycorrhizae this means that the haypae go into the roots and branch into tree like structures called arbuscules
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Which type of fungi is marine
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it is Ascomycetes
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