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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Population |
A localized group of individuals that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
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Cline |
Change of trait due to position on geographic axis (ie: height) |
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Gene Flow |
Gain or loss of alleles due to immigration, emigration, or gamete flow |
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Genetic Drift |
Change of gene pool in small population due to chance |
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Darwinian Fitness |
Survival of genes, not individuals, through reproduction - Driver of natural selection |
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Three Selection Types |
Stabilizing, Disruptive, Directional |
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Stabilizing Selection |
Favors intermediate over extremes - ie: plants to tall fall, short plant die, medium plants survive |
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Diversifying/Disruptive Selection |
Favors both extremes
- Rat fur going from brown to black/white (right/left) |
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Directional Selection |
Favors one extreme directionally
- Rat fur going from brown to black |
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Hardy Weinberg Assumptions |
1. Population is very large 2. Population is isolated 3. Mutations do not alter gene pool 4. Mating is random 5. Equal reproductive success |
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Virus |
Nucleid Acid molecule; NOT LIVING |
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Lysogenic Cycle |
Replication of genome is non-fatal for host |
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Lytic Cycle |
Replication is fatal for host |
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Viroid
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Pure RNA; infects plants only - does not encode any proteins |
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Prions |
Pure protein molecules; no nuclear acid |
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Retrovirus |
RNA strand that performs reverse transcription to replicate in foreign cells cytoplasm - Reverse transcriptase |
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Conjugation |
Direct transfer of genetic material between bacteria by a conjugation tube |
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Transformation |
Bacterial genotype altered by absorbing DNA fragments from environment |
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Transduction |
Phages carry bacterial DNA from one bacteria to another |
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Biographical Species |
Group of populations who can interbbreed |
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Gene Pool |
Available alleles available for next generation |
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Microevolution |
Change in gene pool |
