Bio Exam 3

Front 1

altruism

Back 1

refers to behavior by an individual that increases the fitness of another individual while decreasing the fitness of the other

Front 2

behavioral ecology

Back 2

s the study of the ecological and evolutionary basis for animal behavior, and the roles of behavior in enabling an animal to adapt to its environment (both intrinsic and extrinsic).

Front 3

Fixed action pattern

Back 3

is an instinctive behavioral sequence that is indivisible and runs to completion.[citation needed] Fixed action patterns are invariant and are produced by a neural network known as the innate releasing mechanism in response to an external sensory stimulus known as a sign stimulus or releaser (a signal from one individual to another).

Front 4

Optimal foraging theory

Back 4

optimal foraging theory states that organisms forage in such a way as to maximize their energy intake per unit time. In other words, they behave in such a way as to find, capture and consume food containing the most calories while expending the least amount of time possible in doing so. The understanding of many ecological concepts such as adaptation, energy flow and competition hinges on the ability to comprehend what food items animals select, and why.

Front 5

taxis

Back 5

s an innate behavioural response by an organism to a directional stimulus. A taxis differs from a tropism (turning response, often growth towards or away from a stimulus) in that the organism has motility and demonstrates guided movement towards or away from the stimulus [1]. It also differs from a kinesis, a non-directional change in activity in response to a stimulus that results in the illusion of directed motion due to different rates of activity depending on stimulus intensity.

Front 6

kinesis

Back 6

s a movement or activity of a cell or an organism in response to a stimulus. However, unlike taxis, the response to the stimulus provided (such as humidity, light intensity or ambient temperature) is non-directional.

Front 7

iterotrophy

Back 7

n biology, the repeated production of offspring at intervals throughout the life cycle. It is usually contrasted with semelparity, where each individual reproduces only once during its life.

Front 8

batesian mimicricy

Back 8

Batesian mimicry is a form of mimicry typified by a situation where a harmless species has evolved to imitate the warning signals of a harmful species directed at a common predator.

Front 9

mullerian mimicricy

Back 9

Müllerian mimicry describes a situation where two or more species have very similar warning or aposematic signals and both share genuine anti-predation attributes (e.g. being unpalatable).