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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is reproductive cloning?
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The cloning of adult animal cells.
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How is cloning animals done?
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By placing the nucleus from an adult cell into an un-nucleated egg cell. They must be synchronized to the same stage of the cell cycle (the resting stage). The the egg cell is divided and placed into a surrogate mother
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How does genomic imprinting work?
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By blocking the cell's ability to read certain genes, and a gene can have no impact unless it is read.
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What are some problems with cloning?
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Possible premature death and lack of genomic imprinting to reprogram the nuclei.
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Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent.. What is that?
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Cells that are able to divide and develop into any cell in the body or develop into an entire individual.
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Describe embryonic stem cells.
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They are present in the early embryo. They can be used to replace lost or damaged tissues because of an accident or disease.
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What are the controversies about stem cell?
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People argue they are destroying embryos to harvest stem cells.
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Describe Gene Therapy
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Using gene therapy, a patient with a genetic disorder is theoretically cured by replacing the defective gene with a healthy one.
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Why do some people call it gene intervention instead of gene therapy?
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Because some people think its wrong to say it 'cures' people, so they say intervention instead.
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What tissues can gene intervention correct?
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Somatic tissues, not germ-line tissues.. So the disorders can still be passed on to offspring.
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What should happen when choosing to undergo gene intervention?
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The benefits should far exeed the risks.
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Why does gene therapy sometimes fail?
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Because of immunological reactions to the vectors used to carry the healthy gene into the patient.
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What has been the recent focus of gene therapy?
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To identify a vector that avoids the problems encountered with the adenovirus vector. Scientists hope that this vector will eliminate the problems with adenovirus.
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