• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/57

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

57 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Which of the following are photosynthetic organisms?


a. algae


b. cyanobacteria


c. plants


d. a and c


e. a, b, and c

E- algae, cyanobacteria, and plants

_____________ can directly use the energy of sunlight to make their own food, and _____________ must rely on other organisms to provide the energy they need to survive.


a. autotrophs; heterotrophs


b. heterotrophs; autotrophs


c. photosynthetic organisms; autotrophs


d. autotrophs; photosynthetic organisms


e. heterotrophs; photosynthetic organisms

A-autotrophs and heterotrophs

What organelle(s) would a nonphotosynthetic algae need to be able to conduct photosynthesis?


a. mitochondria


b. nucleus


c. chloroplast


d. solar transformer


e. cell membrane

C-chloroplast

Why do many species of algae appear green?


a. They fluoresce under certain conditions.


b. The chlorophyll pigment they contain is green.


c. The green pigment is the result of carbon fixation.


d. They live in plant leaves, so they appear green.


e. Algae are only green during the night when they are not conducting photosynthesis.

b. The chlorophyll pigment they contain is green.

Which of the following describe the ways photosynthetic algae and animals obtain and use energy.


a. Most algae can obtain energy from light.


b. Some rare algae can obtain energy from sugar.


c. Animals obtain energy from sugar made by light-absorbing energy producers.


d. a and c


e. a, b, and c

c. Animals obtain energy from sugar made by light-absorbing energy producers.

What would happen to humans and other animals if algae, cyanobacteria, and plants were wiped out?


a. Carbon dioxide levels would rise.


b. Heterotrophs would not have a source of energy in autotrophs.


c. Autotrophs would not be able to use heterotrophs as a source of energy.


d. a and b


e. a and c

d. a and b

A new species you have discovered has the ability to absorb sugar for energy and also contains chloroplasts. What would these properties tell you about the organism?


a. This organism is both a heterotroph and an autotroph.


b. The organism lives in an environment where sugar sources are only available in sunlight.


c. This photosynthetic organism is unique because it contains mitochondria to use the sugar it absorbs.


d. a and b


e. b and c

a. This organism is both a heterotroph and an autotroph.

The energy of sunlight exists in the form of _________.

photons

The energy in a cereal bar is __________ energy. The energy of a cyclist pedaling is _____________ energy.

chemical; kinetic

Kinetic energy is best described as _____________.

the energy of movement

Each time energy is converted from one form to another, a percentage of that energy is lost as _______ or fails to be converted.

heat

The fuel used to run our cars contains _______ energy.

potential

Which of the following sequences correctly traces the flow of energy needed to move an automobile?

chemical energy; heat energy; kinetic energy

Why are photons critical to the process of photosynthesis?

Photons are needed to excite the electrons of the pigment atoms in chlorophyll.

Which of the following photon wavelengths contains the greatest amount of energy?

gamma rays

Glucose is a product of photosynthesis. Where do the carbon atoms in glucose come from?

molecules in the air

Which of the following correctly describes the input (I) and output (O) of photosynthesis.

I – carbon dioxide, photons, water; O – oxygen, glucose

Which of the following accurately summarizes the process of photosynthesis?

Chloroplasts capture sunlight, water is split, oxygen is released, and carbon dioxide is used to convert chemical energy into glucose.

Photosynthesis can be broken down into two basic mechanisms (photo and synthesis). Which of the following describes these two mechanisms?

Photo – absorption of light; Synthesis – carbon fixation

What energy source drives the carbon fixation process of photosynthesis, and where does it come from?

The chemical energy ATP made from light absorption drives carbon fixation.

When considering which biofuel is the most sustainable, which of the following must be considered?

water use, energy use, fertilizer and pesticide use

Why are energy-rich lipids from algae more useful as a fuel than energy-rich sugars and other carbohydrates produced by photosynthetic organisms such as corn and wheat?

-The sugars contain less chemical energy than the lipids.


-The sugars require an additional fermentation step to produce usable chemical energy.


-The lipids can be used directly as fuel.

Why are algae considered more valuable for biofuel than plants (such as corn)?

-Their photosynthetic products are oils.


-They are cheaper to grow.


-They do not require as much CO2


-They do not require as much fertilizer.

What is driving our search for alternative fuel sources?

legislation that requires a certain production of biofuels in the next 10 years


-the dwindling fossil fuel resources


-global warming from carbon dioxide emissions

Why did searching for unique algae species open new opportunities for their use as a biofuel?

-It made the process more cost effective.


-It allowed algae to be grown in a wider range of locations.


- It can make the process independent of sunlight.


- It allowed for the use of existing forms of chemical energy.

Many biofuels require arable land for their production. Which of the following would limit the production of biofuels with this in mind?

-Arable land for corn and wheat biofuels is also required to grow food crops.


-Arable land is not limitless.

Which of the following produces the least amount of greenhouse gas emissions?


wood residue


corn


soybeans


rapeseed, canola


algae

algae

If a dust cloud covered the planet Earth for many months, which form of life would be affected immediately?


cyanobacterial life


bacterial life


algal life


animals that breathe air


protozoan life

animals that breathe air



heat is best described as:

kinetic energy generated by random movements of molecules or atoms

The oil produced by algae, in addition to macromolecules (i.e., carbohydrates and proteins) that algae synthesize, can be used to generate which of the following types of renewable energy sources?biodiesel


biofuels


butanol


ethanol


All of the answer options are correct.

all of the options are correct

In a comparison of two different light bulbs, how could you infer which one was more efficient in terms of energy conversion?

compare bulb temperature

You are testing some new devices for maximizing the growth of plants by optimizing photosynthesis. Which of the following would be the most direct way to measure photosynthesis in your tests?

glucose production by the plant

what is necessary for biofuel production by algae?

sunlight and carbon dioxide

needed for algae to have photosynthetic capabilities?

sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water

If reaction X is more efficient than reaction Y, what would you predict in terms of energy?

Reaction Y will heat up the environment more than reaction X

If you keep plants in the dark, what will happen?

They will not have sufficient chemical energy for the synthesis step in photosynthesis.

If your car runs out of gas, the energy that was contained in the gas

has been converted to several other forms of energy

Shivering (uncontrolled muscle contractions) warms you up because:

shivering muscles are contracting more, therefor there are more reactions occurring, each of which releases some energy as heat.

Which of the following can produce biofuels?

plants, algae, microalgae

A hovercraft (that "hovers" over the surface, without touching the surface) traveling along a road should have less escape of _____ energy relative to a car driving the same distance.

heat

Autotrophs are best characterized by:

making organic molecules from inorganic molecules

Many species of algae appear green to a human because they contain:

green chloroplasts

One of the reasons photosynthetic organisms are so important on the planet Earth is that:

the energy-rich molecules they produce are used by all living organisms to fuel cellular processes.

Which of the following lists the colors of light in order from shortest wavelength to longest wavelength?

violet, green, yellow, red

Which of the following is a function of photosynthesis?

It provides the oxygen we breathe and indirectly provides fossil fuels.

Which of the following best describes the "point" of the "photo" reactions of photosynthesis?

to capture the energy of sunlight in a chemical form

Oil reserves buried deep underground are:

are finite, take millions of years to replenish, and lie outside U.S. borders.

What two factors determine the BMI for an individual?

weight and height

If a person wants to lose weight, which of the following are viable strategies?


a. substituting plain water for regular soda


b. eating the same number of calories, but eating them all as fruit and veggies instead of burgers and fries


c. adding more fruits and veggies on top of the current diet


d. exercising more


e. a and d

E

Which of the following do not contribute to a higher BMI?


a. culture


b. portion size


c. gender


d. biological history


e. All of the above can contribute to a higher BMI.

E

If you frequently crave French fries, how could you modify your lifestyle to eat fries without gaining weight?


a. Exercise more to burn more calories than the fries you add to your diet.


b. Decrease the number of fries you eat at one time.


c. Exclude other high-calorie foods when you eat fries.


d. You cannot lose weight and eat fries because of the high calorie content.


e. A combination of a, b, and c would be the best recommendation for actually losing weight successfully.

E

If the French eat meals with a higher fat content, why don't the French weigh more on average than Americans?

the French eat smaller portions

Which type of organic molecule stores the most energy per gram?

fats (triglycerides)

Once excess calories are stored as triglycerides, it is more difficult to release this energy because __________.

the body prefers to use food in the bloodstream and stored glycogen first

Excess energy can be stored for short periods of time in the muscle and liver tissue as _______, and for long periods of time as _______ in fat cells.

glycogen; triglycerides

Which of the following accurately describes food with regard to energy?


a. A calorie is the amount of energy required to raise 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.


b. Food calories are written as calories (e.g. 1,000 calories).


c. A calorie is a unit of energy used in the food industry only.


d. a and b


e. a, b, and c

D

A moderately active 21-year-old female has a choice of eating a 2,500-Calorie meal that is primarily protein or a 2,500-calorie meal that is primarily sugar. What would be the result, in terms of energy, of choosing one over the other?

In either case, once her glycogen stores are replenished, she will store the excess calories as fat.