Bio Exam #1

Front 1

Anecdotal Evidence

Back 1

Can seem to reveal links between two phenomena but the links do not usually exist.

Front 2

Trace Elements

Back 2

A chemical element required only in minute amounts by living organisms for normal growth.

EX: Iodine, Iron, Zinc

Front 3

6 Important Elements to Life

Back 3

Calcium, Potassium, Sodium, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine

Front 4

Protons have a _______ Charge

Back 4

Positive

Front 5

Electrons have a _______ Charge

Back 5

Negative

Front 6

Neutrons have a __________ Charge

Back 6

None

Front 7

Carbon has 6 Protons, What is the atomic number?

Back 7

6

Front 8

If Carbon has 6 protons how many electrons does it have?

Back 8

6

Front 9

What is the mass number of carbon if it has 6 protons and 6 electrons?

Back 9

12

Front 10

Carbon can exist as Carbon-12, Carbon-13, Carbon-14, what are these called?

Back 10

Heavy Carbon Isotope

Front 11

Electrons move around the ______ in certain energy levels called __________

Back 11

Nucleus; Electron Shell.

Front 12

What is a weaker bond existing in water molecules?

Back 12

Hydrogen Bond

Front 13

Strongest bond in which atoms share outer-shell electrons

Back 13

Covalent Bonds

Front 14

An atoms attraction for shared electrons

Back 14

Double Bond

Front 15

Attraction of opposite charges that result in a compound such as NaCI

Back 15

Ionic Bonds

Front 16

Waters 4 Life Supporting Properties

Back 16

1. Cohesion

2. Large Heat Capacity

3. Low Density as a Solid

4. Good Solvent

Front 17

What is an Acid?

Back 17

Any fluids with a PH below 7.0

Front 18

What is a base?

Back 18

Any fluids with a PH above 7.0

Front 19

Oven cleaner has a pH of? Is it an Acid or Base?

Back 19

12; base

Front 20

What is the pH of pure water?

Back 20

7

Front 21

What is the pH of Cola Drinks?

Back 21

3

Front 22

Your blood (plasma) contains a _______ that maintains the pH close to 7.4

Back 22

Buffer

Front 23

What is the function of a buffer?

Back 23

Chemicals that quickly absorb excess H+ ions to keep a solution from becoming too acidic and they can quickly release H+ ions to counteract any increases in O +/- Concentration

Front 24

Monomer of Carbohydrates

Back 24

Monosaccharides

Front 25

Monomer of Lipids

Back 25

Fatty Acids and Glycerol

Front 26

Monomer of Proteins

Back 26

Amino Acids

Front 27

Monomer of Nucleic Acids

Back 27

Nucleotides

Front 28

Polymer example of Carbohydrates

Back 28

Polysaccharide and Disaccharide

(starch)

Front 29

Polymer example of Lipids

Back 29

Triglycerides

Front 30

Polymer example of Proteins

Back 30

Dipeptide and Polypeptide

(Hair protein)

Front 31

Polymer example of Nucleic Acids

Back 31

DNA and RNA

Front 32

4 Levels of Protein Structure

Back 32

Primary Structure

Secondary Structure

Teritary Structure

Quaternary Structure

Front 33

What happens to a protein when it is denatured? What causes denaturation?

Back 33

When proteins are unfolded, they lose their function. Any extreme environment will denature a protein.

Front 34

Why can't denatured protein function normally?

Back 34

Because its shape and function has been disrupted

Front 35

What are synthetic male hormones called?

Back 35

Anabolics

Front 36

Why are synthetic male hormones used? What are the risks?

Back 36

Stimulate muscle Growth

Extreme aggressiveness, high cholesterol, and cancer

Front 37

Hydrophilic means

Back 37

Love water

Front 38

Hydrophobic means

Back 38

Scared of water

Front 39

Hydrocrabons are composed only of _______ and _____

Back 39

Hydrogen and Carbon

Front 40

Starch is made of _________ monomers

Back 40

Glucose

Front 41

Name 2 complex carbohydrates that can't be digested by most animals

Back 41

Chitin and Cellulose

Front 42

Glycogen is stored glucose in the _____ and ______

Back 42

Muscles and Liver

Front 43

Two monosaccharides linked together are called a ________

Back 43

Disaccharide

Front 44

Where is cholesterol found in the cell?

Back 44

Embedded in the hydrophobic region in Cell Membrane

Front 45

Some humans can make the enzyme ______ which enables them to digest milk into adulthood

Back 45

lactase

Front 46

Saturated fats are more common in ______

Back 46

Most animal fats such as meat and eggs

Front 47

Unsaturated fats are more common in ______

Back 47

plants such as avocados, peanuts, and olive oil

Front 48

How many amino acids are there in nature?

Back 48

20

Front 49

DNA structure is a ______ Helix

Back 49

Double

Front 50

RNA structure is a __________ Chain

Back 50

Single