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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Asexual Reproduction
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-Single parent offspring
-result in clones *Mitosis |
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clones
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genetically identical to eachother and parents
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Sexual reproduction
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involves two parents and the metting of their gametes
*Meiosis |
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Alleles
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different forms of a gene
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Alleles role in Meiosis
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offspring inherit alleles making them not genetically identical
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gametes
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sex cells (sperm and egg)
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Meiosis
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nuclear division that produces gametes
*two divisions* |
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Meiosis 1 stages
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Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1, Telophase 1
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Prophase 1
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-chromosomes condense
-chromosomes pair up with their homologues -crossing over -membrane breaks down -chromosomes attach to spindle fibers |
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Metaphase 1
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homoglogues line up at equator
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Anaphase 1
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-Homologous chromosomes seperate
*sister chromatids remain attached |
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Telophase 1
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-The chromosome arrive at poles
-The cytoplasm divides -2 haploid cells -completes Meiosis 1 |
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Meiosis 2
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prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telophase 2
*no interphase inbetween meiosis 1 & 2 |
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Prophase 2
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Chromosomes attach to newly formed spindle fibers
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Metaphase 2
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Chromosomes line up at the equator
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Anaphase 2
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- centromere splits
- Sister chromatids seperate - chromosomes move to opposite poles |
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Telophase 2
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-chromosomes reach poles
-nuclear envelop froms around each chromosome - cytoplasm divided -4 haploid cells |
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effect of Gene shuffling
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each chromosome now contains both maternal and paternal segments
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effects of Random alignment
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mix of chromosomes maternal and paternal segments results in a completely different thing
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Male gamete formation is called?
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spermocyte
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how many gametes does spermocyte create?
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4 sperm cells
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what is female gamete formation called?
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oocytes
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how many cells are created?
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1 egg, and 3 other cells that die
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what are the three female gametes that die called?
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polar bodies
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