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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Crossing a white chicken with a black feathers chicken with an offspring that has both colored feathers (erminette-color) is an example of what principle in genetics.
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Co-Domiance
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What do you call the offspring of true breeding parents with different traits.
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Hybrids or heterozygotes
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How many different genotypes could be produced by RrYy.
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16
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When Mendel crossed true breeding tall pea plants with short pea plants all the offspring were tall because ____________________________________
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Alleles for T is dominant over t
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Can a punnett square be used to show the actual results of a cross?
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No
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In the P generation a tall pea plant was crossed with a short one. Why do short plants reappear in the F2 generation?
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The alleles for tallness and shortness segregated in F1
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In genetics, the principles of probability can be used for what purpose?
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Predicts the traits of the offspring
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Thomas Hunt Morgan chose to study genetics on which organisms, and why?
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Fruit fly, reproduce quickly, lots of offspring
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Meiosis results in the formation of how many cells?
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4 haploid cells
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If two genes are located close together on the same chromosome are they likely to assort independently?
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No, when genes are close together they are usually inherited together
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During what phase of mitosis are tetrads created?
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Prophase I
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Draw a picture of two chromosomes crossing over.
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X
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Are linked genes always on the same chromosome?
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yes
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Mendel used pea plants to study the inheritance of _______________.
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traits
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Organisms that have two identical alleles are said to be ______________.
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homozygous
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When Mendel allowed his F1 Pea Plants to self pollinate, what did the offspring look like?
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Some would be tall, some would be short
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What are Mendel’s factors called today?
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genes
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The principle of dominance states?
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Some genes are dominant other are recessive
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What would the phenotype of two plants TT and Tt look like?
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Tall- the phenotype would be the same
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The principle of independent assortment states?
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During gamete formation genes for one trait are not influences by genes for another trait
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What is it called when one gene cannot completely dominate over another trait, like crossing a red flower with a white flower to make pink flowers?
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Incomplete dominance
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The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the letter _______
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N
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Traits that are controlled by several genes are ________________.
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polygenic
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Do Mendel’s principles of genetics apply only to plants?
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No, all living things that reproduce sexually
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Gametes are produced by what process?
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Meiosis
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Gene maps are made based on _________________
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Frequency of crossovers between two allels
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If something has two different alleles it is said to be ___________________
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heterozygous
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Compared to normal cells gametes have ______________ the number of chromosomes.
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Half
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Different forms of a gene are called ____________________.
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alleles
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Define probability.
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The likely hood an event will occur
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The F1 generation is created from the generation before which is the ________________ generation.
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P
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During what phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
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Prophase I
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What are the two genotypes for the tallness trait in pea plants?
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TT Tt
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Meiosis produces 4 __________________ cells.
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Haploid
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That fact that _____________ for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes is the principle of independent assortment.
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Alleles/genes
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Homozygous
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if something has two of the same alleles
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Genotype
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an organisms genes
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Phenotype
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an organisms physical features
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F1 Generation
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offspring created by the P Generation
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F2 Generation
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offspring created by the F1 Generation
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True Breeding
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reproduction produces offspring with inherited traits identical to those of the parents
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