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41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Crossing a white chicken with a black feathers chicken with an offspring that has both colored feathers (erminette-color) is an example of what principle in genetics.
Co-Domiance
What do you call the offspring of true breeding parents with different traits.
Hybrids or heterozygotes
How many different genotypes could be produced by RrYy.
16
When Mendel crossed true breeding tall pea plants with short pea plants all the offspring were tall because ____________________________________
Alleles for T is dominant over t
Can a punnett square be used to show the actual results of a cross?
No
In the P generation a tall pea plant was crossed with a short one. Why do short plants reappear in the F2 generation?
The alleles for tallness and shortness segregated in F1
In genetics, the principles of probability can be used for what purpose?
Predicts the traits of the offspring
Thomas Hunt Morgan chose to study genetics on which organisms, and why?
Fruit fly, reproduce quickly, lots of offspring
Meiosis results in the formation of how many cells?
4 haploid cells
If two genes are located close together on the same chromosome are they likely to assort independently?
No, when genes are close together they are usually inherited together
During what phase of mitosis are tetrads created?
Prophase I
Draw a picture of two chromosomes crossing over.
X
Are linked genes always on the same chromosome?
yes
Mendel used pea plants to study the inheritance of _______________.
traits
Organisms that have two identical alleles are said to be ______________.
homozygous
When Mendel allowed his F1 Pea Plants to self pollinate, what did the offspring look like?
Some would be tall, some would be short
What are Mendel’s factors called today?
genes
The principle of dominance states?
Some genes are dominant other are recessive
What would the phenotype of two plants TT and Tt look like?
Tall- the phenotype would be the same
The principle of independent assortment states?
During gamete formation genes for one trait are not influences by genes for another trait
What is it called when one gene cannot completely dominate over another trait, like crossing a red flower with a white flower to make pink flowers?
Incomplete dominance
The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the letter _______
N
Traits that are controlled by several genes are ________________.
polygenic
Do Mendel’s principles of genetics apply only to plants?
No, all living things that reproduce sexually
Gametes are produced by what process?
Meiosis
Gene maps are made based on _________________
Frequency of crossovers between two allels
If something has two different alleles it is said to be ___________________
heterozygous
Compared to normal cells gametes have ______________ the number of chromosomes.
Half
Different forms of a gene are called ____________________.
alleles
Define probability.
The likely hood an event will occur
The F1 generation is created from the generation before which is the ________________ generation.
P
During what phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Prophase I
What are the two genotypes for the tallness trait in pea plants?
TT Tt
Meiosis produces 4 __________________ cells.
Haploid
That fact that _____________ for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes is the principle of independent assortment.
Alleles/genes
Homozygous
if something has two of the same alleles
Genotype
an organisms genes
Phenotype
an organisms physical features
F1 Generation
offspring created by the P Generation
F2 Generation
offspring created by the F1 Generation
True Breeding
reproduction produces offspring with inherited traits identical to those of the parents