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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All animals (except _____) use anetwork of nerves to process & integrateinformation
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sponges
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Nervous system links 2:
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• Sensory receptors
• Motor effectors |
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What is Sensory receptors
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detect stimulus
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What is Motor effectors
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respond to it
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Nervous system consists of ____ and _____ cells
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neurons and supporting cells
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only major phylum withoutnerves
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sponges
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Who has the simplest nervous system?
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Cnidarians
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simplest animals withassociative activity
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flat worms
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Peripheral Nervous System
• _____ & responds • Sensory & motor neurons • Somatic NS stimulates skeletal muscles • Autonomic NS stimulates smooth& cardiacmuscles & glands |
-Collects
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Central Nervous System
• ____ & Spinal cord • _____ center |
-Brain
-command |
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Vertebrates have 3 types of Neurons
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-Sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons
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1. Sensory neurons: (______neurons)carry impulses to ______ nervous system(CNS)
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-afferent
-central |
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2. Motor neurons: (_____ neurons) carry impulses from CNS to effectors (____ and ____)
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-efferent
- muscles and glands |
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3. Interneurons: (______ neurons) provide more complex reflexes and associative functions (_____ and ____)
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-association
-learning and memory |
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Peripheral Nervous System
• Consists of ____ & _____ • Receive info from the enviro. • Conveys it to the CNS & tocarry responses to effectorssuch as muscle cells |
nerves, ganglia
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what is ganglia
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a bunch of nerves together
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Somatic Nervous System
Somatic motor neurons stimulate theskeletal _____ to contract • Response to conscious ____ or ____ actions |
-muscles
-command or reflex |
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____ Nervous System
• Composed of the sympathetic ¶sympathetic divisions & medullaoblongata |
autonomic
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Autonomic Nervous System
In both, _fferent motor pathway has 2neurons named: |
-efferent
– Preganglionic neuron – Postganglionic neuron |
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– ___ganglionic neuron – exits the CNS and synapses at an autonomic ganglion
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Preganglionic
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– ___ganglionic neuron – exits the ganglion and regulates visceral effectors
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Postganglionic
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Where do the preganglionic neurons start on the Sympathetic division located on spine?
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thoracic & lumbar regions
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Where do the pregangliontic neurons start on the Parasympathetic division located on spine?
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brain & sacral regions
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name cell body, dendrites, axon
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What does the neuroglia do
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Support neurons both structurally &functionally
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Nerve ImpulseTransmission
• There’s a potential difference across everycell’s plasma membrane – Negative pole – _____ side – Positive pole – ___ ___ side |
-cytoplasmic
-extracellular fluid |
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When a neuron is not being stimulated, itmaintains a ____ potential
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resting
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Nerve Impulse Transmission
The inside of the cell is more ___ charged than the outside 1. Sodium–potassium pump 2. Ion leakage channels |
negatively
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What is Ligands
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hormones or neurotransmitters
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Axon has a large diameter
• Less resistance to current flow – Found primarily in invertebrates – Axon is myelinated • Action potential is only produced at thenodes of Ranvier • Saltatory conduction |
read
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Synaptic (2)
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• Presynaptic •Postsynaptic
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What synapsis cell transmits action potential
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Presynaptic
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What synapsis cell receives it
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Postsynaptic
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2 types of synapsis
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Electrical, chemical
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What part of the nervous system is the brain connected to?
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central
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