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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-Describe the Fluid Mosaic model of membrane structure -Explain what is meant by selectively permeable -Explain the differences between diffusion, facilitateddiffusion, and active transport ---------Explain osmosis and be able to predict the net movementof H2 O molecules under various conditions -Describe endocytosis (e.g., phagocytosis) and exocytosis -Explain the basic concepts of signal transduction |
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Fluid |
lipid and protein components are free to diffuse in the plane of the membrane |
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Mosaic |
membrane contains two types of macromolecules: lipids and proteins |
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Moving Molecules Across a Lipid Bilayer (Passage of Molecules Into and Out of the Cell) |
For energy not required: 1) Diffusion - toward lower concentration - no transporter, no energy 2) Facilitated diffusion - toward lower concentration - transporter, no energy For energy required: 1) Active transport - toward higher concentration - transporter, energy 2) Bulk transport - vesicle formation |
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Diffusion |
Molecules move from high concentration to low concentration |
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Facilitated Diffusion |
-Ions and small molecules can move through pores formed by proteins -Amino acids and simple sugars move across the membrane through carrier proteins |
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Active Transport |
Energy is required to move molecules against their concentration gradient |
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Bulk Transport |
-Requires energy Phagcytosis - cells can engulf large particles |
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Life Uses Matter and Energy |
RULES: 1) Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another 2) Energy cannot be changed from one form to another without some loss of usable energy |
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Potential Energy |
stored energy |
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Kinetic Energy |
energy of motion |
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In Living Systems: |
Energy is stored in the form of chemical bonds |
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ATP |
-The energy currency of living systems -Used to power chemical reactions in living systems |
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Enzymes |
facilitate chemical reactions -enzymes involved in metabolic pathways are proteins -many factors can influence enzyme activity (structure determines function) e.g: substrate concentration, ph, temperature, co-factors |
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Enzyme inhibitors |
- Aspirin (blocks an enzyme called cyclo-oxygenase) - Lipitor (a statin that blocks an enzyme called HMG-CoA Reductase |
