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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Gene |
A section of DNA encoding a particular characteristic |
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Allele |
Alternative forms of a gene |
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Homozygous |
Identical alleles in a gene pair |
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Heterozygous |
Different alleles in a gene pair |
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Genotype |
Alleles present on am organisms chromosomes |
Gene |
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Phenotype |
Outward appearance of an organism |
Physical |
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The law of simple dominance |
Certain dominant alleles will be phenotypically expressed, while recessive alleles will not |
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Law of random segregation |
During the gamete formation, alleles responsible for each trait separate from each other |
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Law of independent assortment |
Alleles for different traits are unrelatedly sorted into sex cells |
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Who discovered the double helix structure of DNA and what did they use |
Franklin and wilkins used x-ray crystallography |
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Chromosones |
Carriers of information in the cell, found in cell nucleus, composed of DNA strands tightly wrapped around histones |
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What was Suttons contribution to our understanding of inheritance? |
He described chromosomes as the carriers of hereditary information Showed that if two genes have similar locus, they will be inherited together Cytology |
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What was Boveris contribution to our understanding of inheritance? |
Showed that different chromosones carried different genes Showed that all chromosomes are required for normal development |
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Who described sex-linkage of genes? |
Morgan |
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What animal did Morgan experiment with to discover what he did? |
Fruit flies |
Sex-linkage |
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What does the enzyme helicase do? |
Unzips DNA strands |
DNA |
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What does the enzyme DNA polymerase do? |
Match free floating nucleotides to single strains |
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What are the basic steps to making a protein |
DNA RNA protein |
There are 3 of them |
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Where does the mRNA move to after it leaves the nucleus? |
Cytoplasm |
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What does MRNA bind to? |
Ribosome |
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What are mutagens? |
Factors which cause a change or mutation to genes |
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What is the one-gene one-polypepride hypothesis? |
That each specific gene sequence encodes for a certain polypeptide |
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What was the one-gene one-polypeptide hypothesis originally and why did it change? |
It was originally one-gene one protein but a single gene could not produce a protein because it does not have the coding |
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what are the 4 factors contributing to health |
1. genes 2. mitosis 3. cell differentiation 4. cell specialization |
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epidemiology |
study of diseases that affect populations, describing the patterns and causes of disease |
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