Bio

Front 1

Metabolism

Back 1

All chemical reactions that occur within on organism

Front 2

Homeostasis

Back 2

Regulation of an organism's internal environment to maintain conditions needed for life

Front 3

Hydrogen bond

Back 3

Weak electrostatic formed by the attraction of opposite charges between a hydrogen atom and oxygen, Fluorine, or nitrogen atom

Front 4

Ionic bond

Back 4

Electrical attraction between two oppositely charged atoms or group of atoms

Front 5

Adhesion

Back 5

The force of attraction between unlike molecules, or the attraction between the surface of contacting bodies

Front 6

Cohesion

Back 6

Refers to the sticking together of alike molecules, such as water molecule being attracted to another water molecule. Cohesion also causes water molecules to from drops. Together with adhesion, it helps to explain the occurrence of surface tension and capillary action

Front 7

Lipid

Back 7

Hydrophobic biological molecule composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen; fats,oils, and waxes are lipids

Front 8

Monosaccharide

Back 8

A simple sugar,example: fructose, glucose, and ribose.

Front 9

Disaccharide

Back 9

Sugar formed when two monosaccharides (simple sugars) are joined by glyosidic linkage

Front 10

Amino acids

Back 10

Organic compound, and it serves as a building block for proteins

Front 11

ATP

Back 11

Adenosine triphosphate a high energy molecule found in every cell. It's job is to store and supply the cell with needed energy

Front 12

ADP

Back 12

Adenosine diphosphate organic compound that is composed of adenosine and two phosphate groups

Front 13

Activation energy

Back 13

Minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction

Front 14

Aerobic respiration

Back 14

Metabolic process in which pyruvate is broken down and electron transport

Front 15

Anaerobic respiration

Back 15

Metabolic process that does not require oxygen

Front 16

ER

Back 16

Highly folded membrane system on eukaryotic cells that is the site for Proteins and lipid synthesis

Front 17

Ribosome

Back 17

Simple cell organelle that helps manufacture proteins

Front 18

Chromosomes

Back 18

DNA containing structure that Carries genetic material from one generation to another

Front 19

Cilia

Back 19

Short hair like projection that functions in cell movement (FLAGELLAS ARE LONG, NOT SHORT)

Front 20

Organelle

Back 20

Specialized internal cell structure that carries our specific cell functions such as protein synthesis and energy transformation

Front 21

Lysosomes

Back 21

Vesicle that uses enzymes to digest excess or or worn out cellular substances

Front 22

Vacuole

Back 22

Membrane bund vesicle for temporary storage of materials such as food enzymes and waste

Front 23

Vesicle

Back 23

Transport materials and enzyme storage

Front 24

Contractile vacuole

Back 24

Organelle that collects excess water in the cytoplasm and expels it from the cell; maintains homeostasis in hypotonic environments

Front 25

Central vacuole

Back 25

Found in plant cells surrounded by a membrane and functions to hold materials and wastes

Front 26

Passive transport

Back 26

Movement of substances across a cell without an input of energy unlike active transport

Front 27

Osmosis

Back 27

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Front 28

Concentration gradient

Back 28

Process of which particles which are sometimes called diluted moving through a solution or gas from an area with a higher number of particles to an area with a lower number of particles

Front 29

Endocytosis

Back 29

Energy requiring process by which large substances from the outside environment can enter a cell

Front 30

Exocytosis

Back 30

Substances leaving a cell

Front 31

Gametes

Back 31

A haploid sex cell formed during meiosis that can combine with another haploid cell and produce a diploid fertilized egg

Front 32

Zygote

Back 32

Fertilized egg formed when a sperm cell penetrates an egg

Front 33

Embryo

Back 33

Organism's early prebirth stage of development

Front 34

Allele

Back 34

Alternative form that a single gene may have for a paticular trait

Front 35

RNA

Back 35

Ribonucleic acid; guides protein synthesis

Front 36

Diploid

Back 36

Having 2 copies of each chromosome

Front 37

Haploid

Back 37

Cell with half the number of chromosomes as a diploid

Front 38

Homologous structure

Back 38

One of the two paired chromosomes one from each parent that carries genes for a specific trait at the same location

Front 39

Karyotype

Back 39

Micrograph in which the pairs of homologous chromosomes are arranged in decreasing size

Front 40

Sex chromosomes

Back 40

X or Y chromosomes; paired sex chromosomes determine an individual's gender XX- GIRL XY- BOY

Front 41

Autosome

Back 41

Chromosome that isn't a sex chromosome

Front 42

Trisomy

Back 42

A condition in which an extra copy of a chromosome is present in the cell nuclei, causing developmental abnormalities

Front 43

Down's syndrome

Back 43

Extra 21st chromosome

Front 44

Kleinfelter's

Back 44

Extra copy of an X chromosome female and male characteristics

Front 45

Turner's syndrome

Back 45

A chromosomal disorder in which a female is born with only one X chromosome

Front 46

Cell cycle

Back 46

Process of cellular reproduction occurring in three main stages interphase(growth) mitosis (nuclear division) and cytokinesis( cytoplasm division)

Front 47

Apoptosis

Back 47

Programmed cell death

Front 48

PSA TEST

Back 48

Prostate test

Front 49

FOBT TEST

Back 49

Fecal occult blood test