Bio 390 Part 2

Front 1

Hamilton's rule

Back 1

rB>C

relatedness*benefit>cost

-belding ground squirrels

Front 2

helping at the nest behavior

Back 2

scrub jays are last years offspring

-gain experience

-future mating opportunities

-resources and mates scarce elsewhere

-kin selection. indirect fitness

Front 3

seychelle's warblers

Back 3

helped at nest to inherit territory if territory is scarce

Front 4

characteristics of eusocial animals

Back 4

-overlapping generations

-parental care in permanent nest

-reproductive division of labor w/nonproductive workers

-caste polymorphism (sometimes)

Front 5

haploidiploidy

+pitfalls

Back 5

share all of dad's genes + 1/2 of mother genes

3/4 relatedness in sisters

-fails to explain why some groups show eusociality but not haploidiploidy

-multiple queens/mates

-haploidiploidy wasps that aren't eusocial

Front 6

haploidiploidy monogamy hypothesis

Back 6

was ancestral

-multiple mating evolved after workers lost the ability to breed

Front 7

policing cheaters

Back 7

cheaters are policed insert young into colony

-the less related the more likely the eggs are going to be removed

Front 8

greenbeard genes

Back 8

-helps other greenbeards

-hurt other non greenbeards

-can signal itself and others behave cooperatively towards others with the gene

Front 9

point of no return eusocial

Back 9

when workers become differentiated more efficient as a group

Front 10

cooperation/sociality in baboon

Back 10

-friendly non dominant males get mates

-social mothers have less 1 year infant mortality

-close relationships long-lasting live longer

Front 11

consolation/reconciliation

Back 11

-diffuse tensions

-mourners stress levels fall after interactions

-create alliances

-recon-repair of social relationships

Front 12

homosexual pair bonding

Back 12

-establish lifelong bonds

-support in fights

-cooperative breeding

-resource acquisition

-resolve conflicts

-practice/fun

Front 13

good neighbors

Back 13

helped neighbors

respond to familiar calls more quickly/often

Front 14

emotional contagion

Back 14

trained pigs to respond to music

when put with naive pigs they learned to respond as well

Front 15

prosocial behavior

Back 15

spontaneous helping with no apparent pay off (more common if familiar)

-dominant chimps more prosocial

Front 16

do wild chimps share

Back 16

yup share in wild

Front 17

cooperative behavior

Back 17

rats pull sticks to help neighbors

-after being helped more likely to help others even if they are a stranger

-tit for tat strategy

Front 18

contingency

Back 18

behavior based on upon what others did to them

Front 19

tit for tat

Back 19

help when helped

don't help when they weren't helped

Front 20

awareness

Back 20

baboons move towards calls if they had friendly encounters away if the encounter was aggressive

-ravens remember voices/aggressive low voice to strangers

Front 21

how to detect cheaters

Back 21

-good neighbor group mobbing

rhesus monkeys calling out when they see food

Front 22

long term awareness

Back 22

-ravens respond to friendly with friendly call

for with rough auditory tone

Front 23

empathetic behavior

Back 23

-share if did not see other eat

-don't share if they just saw them eat

-take/mate when humans/dominant look away

can't be mad if they can't see

-eurasian jays give food the mate doesn't have

Front 24

inequity aversion

Back 24

showed both foods rewarded unfairly caused ruckus in the hood

Front 25

mirror neurons

Back 25

firing during observation and execution of a task

-hypothesis linked to empathy

Front 26

brain size and social groups

Back 26

highly social groups have undergone more change that solitary species also neocortex ratio increases

Front 27

metacognition

Back 27

ability to recognize/reflect on knowledge

-betting game with cups/ chimps

Front 28

social awareness

Back 28

human babies prefer helpful shapes/people

-capuchin monkeys take interact with helpful humans

Front 29

marzluff study

Back 29

ravens/mockingbirds can identify individuals that bother them. did it with a mask ravens learned from others that the mask was bad

Front 30

dogs

Back 30

-reward center stimulated when scent of owner present

-happy sounds processed similarly

Front 31

dogs and human perspective

Back 31

-look to humans for cues

-wolves don't use humans as cues

-no w/ eyes open and closed. dog went for quiet snack

Front 32

social reference

Back 32

take cues from trusted owner

if owner says its ok they aren't scared

understand pointing cues better than chimps

Front 33

bio 390 part 2 front

Back 33

bio 390 part 2 back