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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What species of fluke can cause blood to be passed in the unrine of humans?
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Schistasoma haematobium
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What two species of fluke tpically cause blood to be passed in the feces of humans?
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Schistasoma manosoni and Schistasoma japonicum
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What is the common name given to the Schistamsoma spp.?
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Blood flukes
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What stage in the life cycle of the Schistasoma spp. causes the passing of blood?
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The egg
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What three conditions must occur in order for Schistasoma spp. to occur?
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1. Water polluted by human waste
2. The correct snail species 3. Human contact with the polluted water |
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What stage in the life cycle of trematodes is the end product of asexual reproduction?
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Cercaria
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What stage in the life cycle of the trematode is contained in the egg?
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Miracidium
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What term is given to the most anterior region of tapeworms?
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Scolex
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What term is given to the chain of proglottids that are immediatley behind the scolex?
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Stromblia
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What species are known as the beef tapeworm?
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Taenia saginata
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What is the definitive host of the beef tapeworm?
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Humans
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What is the intermediate host of the beef tapeworm?
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Cattle
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What stage in the life cycle of the beef tapeworm is infective to the host?
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Cystercircus
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What species of parasite can cause a disease known as cystercircercosis in humans?
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Taenia solium (pork tapeworm)
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Two species that are found in dogs and other canines that cause the Hydatid disease in humans are?
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Echinococcus granulus and Echinococcus multilocularis
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Give the nature of the hydatid cysts for the Echinococcus spp.?
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Unilocular (E. granoulus) and Multilocular (E. multilocularis)
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Give the respective distribution for the two US species of Echinococcus spp.?
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Found in warm areas like the southwest (E. Granoulus) and fondin colder areas like the central northern states (E. multilocularis)
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What species of parasites causes "Pipe Stems" disease in cattle?
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Fasciola heptatica
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What is the patholoyg associated with "Pipe Stem" disease?
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Epithelial tissue becomes connective tissue in due to the large amount of damage and scarification to the muscle resulting in calcification of the muscle.
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What species of parasites is known as the human liver fluke or the Chinese liver fluke?
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Clonorchis sinesis
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What is the second intermediate host of Clonorchis sinesis?
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Carp
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What species of parasites is known as the lung fluke of humans?
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Paragonimus westermani
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How does one diagnose for Paragonimus westermani (the human lung fluke)?
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By finding an orange egg in sputtle
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Give 2 organs outside the lungs that can be damage by Paragonimus westermani (the human lung fluke)?
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The brain and liver
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What group of parasites causes the condition known as "swimmers itch" in humans and what group of animals serve as the definitive host?
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Schistsoma spp. whihc affects birds
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What trematode species serves as a vector for the disease known as salmon poisoning?
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Neophytus salmincola
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Which host in salmon poisoning often fatal to?
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Canines
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What is the geographic distribution of salmon poisoning?
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N. Russia, Pacific Northwest, Alaska, Siberia, and Western Canada
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What species of fluke is found in the small intestine of humans?
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Fascilopsis buski
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What is the geographic distribution of Facscilopsis buski?
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Asia
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What two conditions are caused by Fascilopsis buski?
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Intestinal blockage and verminous intoxication
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What is the common host that modifies its behavior in Dicrocoelieum dendriticum?
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Ants
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What stage of the life cycle causes the modification of ants with the parasite Dicrocoelieum dendriticum?
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Metacercaria
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What organ of the ant is affected by the metacercaria of Dicrocoelieum dendriticum in ants and how?
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The brain. The ants usually go into their colonies at night but ants infected will instead go to the highest part of a pasture and wait for morning when a cow will ingest them.
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What term is given to the process of asexual reproduction that occurs in the liver of humans? (Be as specific as possible)
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Exoerythrocytic schizogony
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What is the end product of exoerythrocytic schizogony?
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Meroziotes
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What term is given to the process of asexual reproduction that occurs in the red blood cells? (Be as specific as possible)
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Erythrocytic schizogony
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What are two stages that circulate in the blod stream that must be taken up by a mosquito in order for the life cycle to continue?
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Microgametocyte and macrogametocyte
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What happens to microgametocytes and macrogameotcytes if they never enter a mosquito host?
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They die
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Give the genus of mosquito that serves as the definitive host for malaria?
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Anapheles
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What stage in the life cycle migrates form the gut of the mosquito to the hemocoel of the mosquito?
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Ookinete
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What stage in the life cycle is found in the salivary glandss of the mosquito?
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Sporozoite
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What species of malaria causes quatern malaria?
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Plasmodium malariae
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What species of the parasite causes Nantucket Fever in humans?
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Babesia microti
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List in order the four stages that are formed during the life cycle of Eimeria?
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Trophozoite, schizont, segmenter, merozoites
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What species of parasite causes "Texas Cattle Fever"?
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Babesia bigemina
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What is the vector for Babesia bigemina?
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The Lonestar Tick
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What species of parasites causes a condition known as Whirling Disease?
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Myxobolus cerebralis
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Give two hosts for Myxobolus cerebralis?
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Rainbow trout and the Tubifex worm
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What species use to be the primary species occuring in the United States and Western Europe?
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Plasmodium vivax
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What is the definitive host for Toxoplasma gondi?
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Wild or domestic cat
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Give two stages in the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondi that occurs in humans? Which stage can cause problems when a woman is pregenant?
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Bradyzoite and Tachizoite. Tachizoite can cause problems in a pregenant woman.
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Give two of the most frequent methods by which a woman might contract Toxoplasmosis when she is pregenant?
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Eating undercooked meat and ingesting a bradyzoite and by cleanig a litter box and ingesting an oocyst.
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Give three conditions that can occur to a fetus when a woman contracts Toxoplasmosis for the first time when she is pregenant?
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Abortion, still birth, mental retardation
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What species of free living amoeba periodically becomes an accidental parasites causing primary amoebic meningoencephalitis?
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Naegleria fowleri
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Where do Naegleria fowleri amoeba most frequently occur when they are free living? (Give habitat where they are particularly abundant)
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Soil and water (a swamp)
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What is the disease caused by Ichtyopthirius mutlifilis?
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"Ich"
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What is the common host for Ichtyopthirius multifilis?
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Freshwater tropical fish
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What species of malaria is the most common malaria in the world today?
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Plasmodium falciparum
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What species of malaria is the most rare malaria in the world today?
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Plasmodium ovale
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Why is Plasmodium malariae called quatern malaria?
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Because it last 72 hours plus the day of infection.
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What process in the life cycle of malaria begins in humans but ends in mosquitos?
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Gametogony
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What is the end product of gametogony?
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Ookinete
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Where does the sporozoite of malaria go once it enters humans?
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The liver
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Give a common means that is currently being used to control against mosquito contact with humans in geographic areas where malaria is present?
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DDT pesticides
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Give a genus of parasite that causes a disease known as Coccidiosis?
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Eimeria
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Parasites of the Eimeria genus commonly infect which system of the definitive host?
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The digestive system
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What stage in the life cycle of Coccidians leaves of the definitive host?
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Oocyst
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What process in the life cycle of Coccidians occurs outside of the definitive host?
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Sporogony
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Hosts can build immunity against Coccidians and this is maintianed through "low level" infection. What term is given to this type of immunity?
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Preminition
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Give two stages or processes in the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondi that can occur in humans?
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Proliferative stage and cystic stage
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