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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Abiotic
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Non-living parts of an organisms environment
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Adaptation:
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Evolution of a structure behavior or internal process that enables an organism to respond to an environmental factors and live to produce offspring
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Age Structure:
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Proportions of a population that are a different age levels
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Autotrophs:
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organisms that use energy from the sun or energy stored in a chemical compounds manufacture their own nutrients
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Biological Community:
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a community made up of interacting populations in a certain area at a certain time
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Biosphere:
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Portion of earth that supports life extends from high in the atmosphere to the bottom of the oceans
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Biotic:
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All living organisms that inhabit an environment
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Carrying capacity:
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Number of organisms of one species an environment can support indefinitely populations below carrying capacity tend to increase those above carrying capacity tend to decrease
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Climax Community:
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A stable mature community that undergoes little or no change and species over time
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Commensalism:
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Symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor benefited
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Community:
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Collection of several interacting populations that inhabit a common environment
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Compound Microscope:
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Instrument that uses light and a series of lenses to magnify objects and steps can magnify an object up to 1500 times its original size
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Control:
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An experiment the standard against which results are prepared
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Decomposers:
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Organisms such as fungi and bacteria that breakdown and absorb nutrients from dead organisms
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Demography:
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Study of population characteristics such as growth rate, age structure and geographic distribution
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Density-Dependent Factors:
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Limiting factors such as disease, parasites,or food availability that effect growth of population
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Density-Independent Factors:
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Factors such as temperature, storms, floods, drought, or habit disruption that effects all populations regardless of their density
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Dependent Variable:
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An experiment the condition that results from changes in the independent variable
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Development:
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All of the changes that take place during life of an organism, a characteristic of all living things
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Ecology:
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Scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environmnet
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Ecosystem:
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Interactions among population in a community. The communities physical surroundings or abiotics factors.
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Electron Microscopes:
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Instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structures up to 500,000 times actual size. Allows scientists to view structures within a cell.
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Emigration:
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Movement of individuals from a population
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Eukaryote:
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Unicellular or multicellular organisms such as yeast, plants, and animals composed of eukaryote cells which contain a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles
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Evolution:
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Gradual change in an species through adaptions over time
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Experiment
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Procedure that tests a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions.
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Exponential Growth:
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Growth pattern where a population grows faster as it increases in size. Graph of an exponentially growing population resembles a J-shaped curve.
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Food Chain:
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Simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem.
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Food Web:
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Model that shows all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community
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Growth:
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Increase in the amount of living material and formation of new structures in an organism. A charactersistic of all living things.
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Habitat:
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A place where an organism lives out its life.
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Heterotrophs:
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Organsisms that cannot make their own food and they must feed on other organisms for energy and nutrients
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Homeostasis
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Regulation of its internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for survival. A process of maintaining equilibrium in cells internal environments
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Immigration:
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Movement of individuals into a population
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Independent Variable:
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An experiment the condition that is tested because it effects the outcome of the experiment.
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Limiting Factors:
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Any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence numbers reproduction or distribution of organisms.
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Mutualism:
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A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.
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Niche:
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Role or position a species has in its environment
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Organelles:
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Membrane bound structures with particular functions within eukaryotic cells
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Organisms:
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Anything that possesses all of the charateristics of life. All organisms have an orderly structure, produce offspring, grow, develop and adjust to changes in the environment.
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Organization:
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Orderly structure of cells in an organism. A characteristic of all living things.
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Parasitism:
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symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another. Usually another species.
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Pioneer Species:
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Very beginning of a species
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Population:
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Group of organisms of all of the same species which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time
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Predator/Prey Relations:
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The predator will eat the prey
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Primary Succession:
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colonization of barren land by pioneer organisms
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Prokaryote:
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Unicellular organisms such as bacteria each of which is composed of a prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotic cells lack internal membrane bound stuctures
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Qualitative Research:
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When biologists use purely observational data they are using qualitative information.
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Quantitative Research:
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When scientists use charts, graphs, or numbers to represent information
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Reproduction:
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Production of offspring by an organism. A characteristic of all living things.
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Scavengers:
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Animals that feed that feed on animals that have already died.
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Scientific Method:
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Procedures that biologist and other scientists use to gather information and answer questions include observing and hypothesizing, experimenting and gathering interperting results
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Secondary Succession:
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Sequence of changes that take place after a community is disrupted by natural disasters or human actions.
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Species:
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Group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature.
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Symbioses:
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Permanent close association between two or more organisms of different species.
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Trophic Levels:
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Organism that represents a feeding step in the movement of energy and materials through an ecosystem
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Water Cycle:
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Water evaporates into the atmosphere, cools, condenses, and becomes rain.
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