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57 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Abiotic
Non-living parts of an organisms environment
Adaptation:
Evolution of a structure behavior or internal process that enables an organism to respond to an environmental factors and live to produce offspring
Age Structure:
Proportions of a population that are a different age levels
Autotrophs:
organisms that use energy from the sun or energy stored in a chemical compounds manufacture their own nutrients
Biological Community:
a community made up of interacting populations in a certain area at a certain time
Biosphere:
Portion of earth that supports life extends from high in the atmosphere to the bottom of the oceans
Biotic:
All living organisms that inhabit an environment
Carrying capacity:
Number of organisms of one species an environment can support indefinitely populations below carrying capacity tend to increase those above carrying capacity tend to decrease
Climax Community:
A stable mature community that undergoes little or no change and species over time
Commensalism:
Symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither harmed nor benefited
Community:
Collection of several interacting populations that inhabit a common environment
Compound Microscope:
Instrument that uses light and a series of lenses to magnify objects and steps can magnify an object up to 1500 times its original size
Control:
An experiment the standard against which results are prepared
Decomposers:
Organisms such as fungi and bacteria that breakdown and absorb nutrients from dead organisms
Demography:
Study of population characteristics such as growth rate, age structure and geographic distribution
Density-Dependent Factors:
Limiting factors such as disease, parasites,or food availability that effect growth of population
Density-Independent Factors:
Factors such as temperature, storms, floods, drought, or habit disruption that effects all populations regardless of their density
Dependent Variable:
An experiment the condition that results from changes in the independent variable
Development:
All of the changes that take place during life of an organism, a characteristic of all living things
Ecology:
Scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environmnet
Ecosystem:
Interactions among population in a community. The communities physical surroundings or abiotics factors.
Electron Microscopes:
Instrument that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify structures up to 500,000 times actual size. Allows scientists to view structures within a cell.
Emigration:
Movement of individuals from a population
Eukaryote:
Unicellular or multicellular organisms such as yeast, plants, and animals composed of eukaryote cells which contain a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Evolution:
Gradual change in an species through adaptions over time
Experiment
Procedure that tests a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions.
Exponential Growth:
Growth pattern where a population grows faster as it increases in size. Graph of an exponentially growing population resembles a J-shaped curve.
Food Chain:
Simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem.
Food Web:
Model that shows all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community
Growth:
Increase in the amount of living material and formation of new structures in an organism. A charactersistic of all living things.
Habitat:
A place where an organism lives out its life.
Heterotrophs:
Organsisms that cannot make their own food and they must feed on other organisms for energy and nutrients
Homeostasis
Regulation of its internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for survival. A process of maintaining equilibrium in cells internal environments
Immigration:
Movement of individuals into a population
Independent Variable:
An experiment the condition that is tested because it effects the outcome of the experiment.
Limiting Factors:
Any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence numbers reproduction or distribution of organisms.
Mutualism:
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit.
Niche:
Role or position a species has in its environment
Organelles:
Membrane bound structures with particular functions within eukaryotic cells
Organisms:
Anything that possesses all of the charateristics of life. All organisms have an orderly structure, produce offspring, grow, develop and adjust to changes in the environment.
Organization:
Orderly structure of cells in an organism. A characteristic of all living things.
Parasitism:
symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the expense of another. Usually another species.
Pioneer Species:
Very beginning of a species
Population:
Group of organisms of all of the same species which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time
Predator/Prey Relations:
The predator will eat the prey
Primary Succession:
colonization of barren land by pioneer organisms
Prokaryote:
Unicellular organisms such as bacteria each of which is composed of a prokaryotic cell. Prokaryotic cells lack internal membrane bound stuctures
Qualitative Research:
When biologists use purely observational data they are using qualitative information.
Quantitative Research:
When scientists use charts, graphs, or numbers to represent information
Reproduction:
Production of offspring by an organism. A characteristic of all living things.
Scavengers:
Animals that feed that feed on animals that have already died.
Scientific Method:
Procedures that biologist and other scientists use to gather information and answer questions include observing and hypothesizing, experimenting and gathering interperting results
Secondary Succession:
Sequence of changes that take place after a community is disrupted by natural disasters or human actions.
Species:
Group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature.
Symbioses:
Permanent close association between two or more organisms of different species.
Trophic Levels:
Organism that represents a feeding step in the movement of energy and materials through an ecosystem
Water Cycle:
Water evaporates into the atmosphere, cools, condenses, and becomes rain.